Development of intraocular lenses of next generation

为了开发可长期使用和调节焦距的人工晶状体，对以下三个方面进行了研究：1)当前人工晶状体材料劣化的机制：为了更深入地了解人工晶状体长期植入后经常观察到的表面污染，开发了一种从聚合物表面洗脱吸附蛋白的方法。用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法和Western blotting对吸附在聚合物表面的蛋白质进行分析。重点研究了蛋白质吸附与补体激活之间的关系以及补体吸附碎片对巨噬细胞的激活作用，并对软丙烯基人工晶状体中常见的发光形成机制进行了探讨。首先，用原子力显微镜对植入的人工晶状体中形成的闪光进行显微分析。进一步的体外模拟研究表明，晶状体表面闪烁的形成主要是由于晶状体材料在介质温度变化时的旋节分解。2)人工晶状体表面的分子设计：为了开发具有良好的抗污染性能、避免蛋白质吸附和细胞黏附的新型人工晶状体，尝试开发表面修饰方法来创建超疏水表面和仿生物膜表面。这里使用的技术包括引入含氟分子和含磷酰胆碱的聚合物涂层。3)设计可调节的弹性聚合物透镜：选择聚合物水凝胶作为具有调节能力的透镜的组成部分。证明了利用离子水凝胶的刺激敏感性来制造新的透镜系统的可能性。为丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸共聚水凝胶透镜的调节提供了基础数据。

In an attempt to develop intraocular lenses(IOLs)for the long-term application and the accommodation of focal length, the following three subjects were studied.1)Mechanisms of material deterioration observed current IOLs : In order to gain deeper insights into the surface fouling that is often observed after the long-term implantation of posterior IOLs, a method for eluting adsorbed proteins from the polymer surface was developed. Then the proteins adsorbed to the polymer surfaces were analyzed with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the western blotting. A special attention was paid to the relationship between protein adsorption and complement activation and the activation of macrophage by adsorbed complement fragments.The mechanism of glistening formation that is often observed in the soft acryl IOLs was investigated. Firstly the glistenings formed in the explanted IOLs were microscopically analyzed by atomic force microscopy. The further in vitro simulation study reveled that the formation of glistening is primarily due to the spinodal decomposition of the lens materials upon changes in medium temperature.2)Molecular design of IOL surfaces : To develop new IOLs that have good anti-fouling properties, avoiding protein adsorption and cell adhesion, attempts were made to develop surface modification methods for creating super-hydrophobic surfaces and biomembrane-mimetic surfaces. The techniques used here include the introduction of fluorine-containg molecules and the coating of a phosphorylcoline-containing polymer.3)Designing elastic polymer lenses capable of accommodation : Polymeric hydrogels were selected as a component of lenses with accommodative ability. The possibility of fabricating new lens systems was demonstrated, taking an advantage of the stimuli-sensitivity of ionic hydrogels. The basic data were obtained for the accommodation of lenses made of acryamide-acrylic acid copolymer hydrogels.