A Study on Direct Carrying Type of Asphalt Tanker

在船舶装载沥青等高温液体（160℃-180℃）的情况下，为了使货舱自由膨胀，防止热量向船舶结构传递，货舱一般采用滑块支架和保温材料将货舱与船舶结构隔开。在这种情况下，例如一艘749G/T的小型船舶，如果采用分离式油箱，其总吨位和建造成本将大大增加。本研究探讨了双壳结构载运高温液体货物的可行性。在双壳体运输船中，货舱与内壳体集成，形成一个集成货舱，用于运输高温液货。测量了装载高温输送油的浮在海上的货舱模型的温度分布，模型的一些参数，如压载舱的宽度、双壳的高度等，与设计船相同。在自然对流状态下计算流体（传递介质、空气等）与罐体之间的换热。然后采用有限元热传导分析方法对模型的温度分布进行了计算。并将模型的数值结果与实测结果进行了比较，验证了数值分析的有效性。最后，根据模型的温度分布，对设计船舶的热应力进行了数值计算。

In the case of ship loading very high temperature liquid (160℃-180℃) such as asphalt, the cargo tank is generally separated from the ship structures by slider supports and thermal insulation materials in order to permit the tank to expand freely and to prevent the heat to transfer to ship structures. In such a case, for example, a 749G/T small ship, the gross tonnage and the construction cost will increase greatly with a separated type tank. In this study, we investigate the feasibility to carry the high temperature liquid cargo with a double hull structure. In the double hull carrier, the cargo tank is integrated with the inner hull to form an integrated hold to carry the high temperature liquid cargo. The, temperature distribution of a hold tank model floating in the sea is measured as it is loaded with the high temperature transmitting oil Some scantlings of the model, such as the breadth of ballast tank, the height of double hull, etc., are taken as the, same as the design ship. The heat transfer among the fluids (transmitting medium, air, etc.) and tank hulls is calculated in the natural convection state. Then the temperature distribution of the model is evaluated by the heat conduction analysis of finite element method. In addition, the numerical results of the model are compared with the measure ones to verify the validity of the numerical analyses. Finally, the thermal stresses of the design ship are computed numerically based on the temperature distribution of the model.