Basic Research for the Documental Administration in Han Period seen from Dunhuang and Juyan wood slips

从敦煌、居延简看汉代文献管理基础研究

• 批准号: 10610363
• 负责人: FUJITA Takao
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Kansai University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610363/
• 关键词: administrative system; Juyan; Dunhuang; manuscript; wood slips; Qin and Han period

It is not necessary to say that a number of wood slips which were discovered from the North-west Chinese frontier are the most precious materials for the research of administrative system in Han period. For this kind of research, the identification of each office that bears the administrative documents is of fatal importance. I tried in this report to offer the basic method to identify offices by using wood slips, and to suggest some controversial point.Generally speaking, there are four method to identify office : 1)the name of office in the postal address ; 2)the name of office in tags attached to some goods ; 3)the name of sender or receiptor of official documents ; 4)the contents of administrative records. The application of these method to the wood slips from Juyan proves that there are some exceptions to the rule, which are thought to be caused by secondary re-moving or re-using, and in Dunhuang wood slips, things get more difficult to solve. I made close investigations on the slips discovered from the site TVlb in Dunhaung for example, and reached the conclusion that this site is not a watch station nor a mere watch tower, but some intermediate office between them.

西北边疆出土的一批汉简，无疑是研究汉代行政制度的最珍贵的资料。对于这类研究来说，识别每个持有行政文件的办公室是至关重要的。本文试图提出利用木简识别官署的基本方法，并提出一些有争议的问题。一般来说，识别官署的方法有四种：（1）邮政地址上的官署名称;（2）货物标签上的官署名称;（3）公文收发人的姓名;（4）行政记录的内容。通过对居延木简的分析，发现这一规律也有例外，认为是二次重迁或再利用造成的，而敦煌木简的情况则更为复杂。例如，我对在敦豪TVlb遗址发现的简牍进行了仔细的调查，得出的结论是，这个遗址既不是一个瞭望台，也不仅仅是一个瞭望塔，而是介于两者之间的一个中间办公室。