Logic Circuits for Computer Education in Junior High School

a)由晶体管构成的逻辑元件为了表明逻辑ic可以由晶体管制成，而不是将其视为“黑盒子”，NAND， NOR。非元件采用DCTL（直接耦合晶体管逻辑）方法由2个或1个晶体管组成。它们不是TTL类型，但是，原理很容易理解。b) HFL CheckerH和L分别表示High(1)和Low(0)逻辑电平。F表示电浮态或IC输入端无输入状态。这种开发的高通量检测器可以区分这三种状态，以检测电路状况。c)周期为1秒的TTL脉冲振荡器。在各种逻辑电路的实验中，采用低频TTL振荡器。用于用眼睛观察相关结果。通过使用变压器、二极管、NOT和计数器（50），将来自电源线的50hz信号减小为TTL 1Hz信号。d)检查“哪个开关A和B被快速按下？”“在一个简单的带有2个NORs的RS-FF中，R=S=1是被禁止的，因为有赛车现象等。但是，这种现象意味着可以检查对R/S终端的更快响应。这一思想在本文中得到了扩展。由于这个检查器具有计算机的基本机制（输入、输出、计算、存储、控制），我们可以说，尽管它的结构很简单，但它是一台“计算机”。e)数字示波器测控通过数字示波器与个人计算机之间的RS232C接口，开发了数字示波器测控应用工具，用于观察电气和逻辑电路的信号。具有信号处理、数据保存/加载、打印输出等功能。

a) Logic Elements by TransistorsIn order to show that logic ICs can be made from transistors and not to treat then as "black box", NAND, NOR.and NOT elements are composed of 2 or 1 transistors by the method of DCTL (Direct Coupling Transistor Logic). They are not TTL type, but, the principle is easy to understand.b) HFL CheckerH and L mean High(1) and Low(0) logic levels, respectively. F means electrical float state or no input state to IC input terminals. This developed HFL checker can differentiate this 3 states in order to detect circuit conditions. This checker is composed of 1 transistor and 1 NOT element in principle.c) TTL Pulse Oscillator with Period 1 sec.In various experiments on logic circuits, TTL oscillator with low frequency is. useful for observing releated results with eyes. The 50 Hz signal from a power line is reduced to TTL 1Hz signal by using transformer, diode, NOT and counter(50).d) Checker for "Which has switch A and B been pressed quickly? "In a simple RS-FF with 2 NORs, R=S=1 are forbidden because of a racing phenomenon etc.. But, this phenomenon means that a quicker response to R/S terminal can be checked. This idea is expaded in this checker. Since this checker has the fundamental 5 mechanisms of computer(input, output, computation, memory, control), we can say that this is a "computer" in spite of a simple structure.e) Measuring by/Control to Digital OscilloscopeBy using RS232C interfaces between a digital oscilloscope and a personal computer, the application tool for measuring by and contolling to digital oscilloscope is developed in order to observe signals from electric and logic circuits. Signal processing, data saving/loading and printing out etc. are enable.