The Structure of Reign in the Territorialstadt in Early Modern Germany : Argument over Absolutism from the Viewpoint of the "Intermediate Powers"

本研究以美因茨自治市的统治结构为考察对象，试图从“中间权力”的视角把握近代早期德国专制主义的特征，认为美因茨自治市的统治结构延续了前现代意义上的二元性，即大主教需要市民的“Erbhuldigung”来统治城市。但是，“Standestaat”时期已经过去了，因为大主教们越来越多地加强了他的权力，公民作为臣民的义务走到了前面。根据这一趋势，国家和兄弟会严重削弱了他们的政治权利，尽管他们保留了他们作为“中间力量”的地位，并被迫调整他们的利益，以适应领土国家的利益。他们可以保留的权利如下：市议会，其成员成为Landesherr的官员，失去了刑事管辖权等，因此，近代早期城市处于中世纪作为强大的“中间力量”和近代作为地方政府的城市之间。

This research gave consideration to the structure of reign in the Territorialstadt Mainz, and moreover attempted to grasp the characteristic of German atsolutism in the early modern time from the viewpoint of the "intermediate powers".The structure of reign in Territorialstadt Mainz continued to be dualistic in the premodern sense that the archbishops needed "Erbhuldigung" by the citizens to rule the city. But the period of the "Standestaat" was gone, because the archbishops strengthened his powers more and more and the obligation of the citizens as subjects came to the front. In accordance with this tendency, the Stadtrat and the Bruder-schaften weakened severely their political rights, although they retained their positions as the "intermediate powers", and were compelled to adjust their interests to ones of the Territorialstaat. The rights that they could retain were as follows : the Stadtrat, whose member became the official of the Landesherr and that had lost criminal jurisdiction etc., could only acquire the right of self-recommendation and permanent time of office ; the Bruderschaften could retain only the right of consent in assembly and jurisdiction about their "laws by mouth".The early modern city can be located therefore between the medieval one as the strong "intermediate power" and the modern one as local government.