Constitutionalism and Constitutional Court in Russia

俄罗斯的宪政与宪法法院

• 批准号: 10620025
• 负责人: TAKEMORI Masataka
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: Gifu University (1999)Tokyo Metropolitan College (1998)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10620025/
• 关键词: Constitutionalism; Constitutional Court; Human Rights; Local Autonomy; Federalism; Transitional Countries; Russia; 憲法裁判; 人権保障; 体制転換; 権力分立; 大統領

After the enactment of New Russian Constitution in 1993, the Constitutional Court, of Russian Federation has achieved big roles for establishment of Constitutionalism in Russia. Especially, in fields of adaptation of Constitutions or Charters of Federal Republics and Provinces in Russian Federation toward Federal Constitution, Human Rights, Local Autonomy and so on, roles of the Constitutional Court was and now is very important.On this project, I studied judgments and decisions of Constitutional Court of Russian Federation in these fields. I think that its basic roles in these days are (1) function as defense of Political and Social System, (2) function as formation of Political order in Transitional process, (3) function as legitimatization and justification of policies of the present Government in Russia. But in Russia President has special big position in Political Arena and in the relations between powers. Constitutional Court also can not have independent position against President, and acts as his supporter in legal system.Then I suppose Russia did not establish Constitutionalism in Russia yet.

1993年俄罗斯新宪法颁布后，俄罗斯联邦宪法法院为俄罗斯的宪政建设发挥了重要作用。特别是在俄罗斯联邦各联邦共和国和省的宪法或宪章对联邦宪法、人权、地方自治权等的修改方面，宪法法院的作用无论过去还是现在都是非常重要的。我认为，它在这些日子里的基本作用是：（1）作为政治和社会制度的辩护功能，（2）作为过渡过程中政治秩序的形成功能，（3）作为俄罗斯现政府政策的合法化和正当化功能。而在俄罗斯，总统在政治竞技场和大国关系中具有特殊的重要地位。宪法法院也不能独立于总统之外，只能在法律的体系中充当总统的支持者。

项目成果

竹森 正孝: "ヨーロッパ地方自治憲章とロシアの地方自治法"体制移行諸国における地方制度に関する調査報告III. 89-104 (1999)

武森正孝：《欧洲地方自治宪章与俄罗斯地方自治法》转型国家地方制度研究报告III 89-104（1999）

Takemori, Masataka: "The Establishment of local Autonomy and Constitutional Court in Russia"Research Organization of Local Autonomy, Researches on Local systems in Transitional Countries, II. 17-37 (1998)

武森正孝：“俄罗斯地方自治与宪法法院的建立”，地方自治研究组织，转型国家地方制度研究，二．

Takemori, Masataka: "Local system and Local Autonomy in Russia"Report on Regional Relations and Cultural Changes in the Pasific Rim, Tokyo Metropolitan College. 56-65 (1999)

武森正隆：《俄罗斯的地方制度和地方自治》环太平洋地区关系和文化变迁报告，东京都立学院。

森田朗・竹森正孝他: "体制移行諸国における地方制度に関する調査研究IV"地方自治研究機構. 163 (1999)

Akira Morita、Masataka Takemori 等：“转型国家地方制度调查 IV”地方政府研究所 163 (1999)。

Takemori, Masataka: "European Charter of local Autonomy and Law of local Autonomy in Russia"Research Organization of Local Autonomy, Researches on Local Systems in Transitional Countries, III. 89-104 (1999)

武森正孝：《欧洲地方自治宪章和俄罗斯地方自治法》地方自治研究组织，转型国家地方制度研究，Ⅲ．