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New Constitution of Russia ; Prnciples and System

俄罗斯新宪法；

基本信息

批准号：
07620020
负责人：
TAKEMORI Masataka
金额：
$ 0.7万
依托单位：
Tokyo Metropolitan College (1996)Tokyo Metropolitan College of Commerce (1995)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07620020/
关键词：
Russia Constitutionalism Seperation of Powers Federalism Local Self-Government Constitutional Court Human Right Transition of Social System 憲法法治国家大統領自由主義市民社会市場経済

项目摘要

New Russian Constitution was adopted by referendum on 12-th december, 1993.But it did not mean final solution of political struggles nor establishment of Constitutionalism in Russia. Because, this process could not get logic of legalism. It was the process of external Constitutionalism. There is the contradiction between revolution and Constitution, political purposes and legal procedures.Constitution itself says principles of Constitutionalism, separation of powers, federalism snd Local Self-Government. And constitutional Court works actively. But, President has big power, even legislation function through presidential ukaz. It is not clear from point of separation of powers."Constitutional War" or "Legal War" does not resolved. Local Constitutions and Chapters of subjects of Federation do not suit to Federal Constitution. Local Self-government has not established, also.Russia lives in days of transformation of social, economical and political system. It has not ended. Such situations affect for Constitutional problems. And also, we cannot ignore foctors of Russian historical traditions.Then we must study more analystic resarches of Constitutinal lives in Russia hereafter also. And on Human Rights we could not say anything this time. It is also following task.

1993年12月12日，全民公决通过了新的俄罗斯宪法。但这并不意味着政治斗争的最终解决，也不意味着立宪主义在俄国的确立。因为，这一过程无法得到法家的逻辑。这是一个外部宪政化的过程。革命与宪法、政治目的与法律程序之间存在矛盾。宪法本身规定了宪政、三权分立、联邦制和地方自治的原则。宪法法院积极开展工作。但是，总统有很大的权力，甚至通过总统办公室行使立法职能。从权力分立的角度来看，这并不清楚。“宪法战争”或“法律战争”并没有解决。地方宪法和联邦各主体的章程不适用联邦宪法。地方自治政府也没有建立。俄罗斯正处于社会、经济和政治体制变革的时期。它还没有结束。这种情况影响到宪法问题。同时，我们也不能忽视俄罗斯历史传统的因素。接下来，我们还必须对俄罗斯宪法生活进行更多的分析研究。在人权问题上，我们这次不能说什么。它也是跟随任务。