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Peace Thought at the Beginning of the Twenties Century in Japan

二十世纪初日本的和平思想

基本信息

批准号：
10620071
负责人：
SHIMIZU Yasuhisa
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10620071/
关键词：
the early twentieth century in Japan peace thought the Russo-Japanes war autiwar wovement imperialism Christion socialism Kinoshita Naoe Lov Tolstoy

项目摘要

This study has reexmined the peace thought at the beginning of the twentieth century in Japan in a constellation of various opinions about the Russo-Japanese war. In 1998 I studied chiefly the movement of Heiminsha focusing on the Christian socialists such as Kinoshita Naoe. In 1999 I have investigated many kinds of opinions about imperialism at the beginning of this century in order to clarify the entire constellation of opinions about the Russo-Japancese war.It was possible to assert imperialism positively at the beginning of this century although it has been only blamed since the First World War. However, opinion leaders in Japan then were unable to assert imperialism without hesitation because it was morally blamed as a policy of aggression and scorned as an attitude of following the West or white men and because they had to worry about the precaution of Western countries.This study has investigated such leaders as Tokutomi Soho, Takayama Chogyu, Ukita Kazutami, Yamaji Aizan and Ebina Danjo who asserted imperialism, and clarfied the various aspects of their opinions. No one asserted Japanese imperialism at the Russo-Japanese war, because this war was considered as self-defense war against Russian imperialism. But the opinions about imperialism until then had made many Japanese conscious of international power relationship and played an important part in their approval of the war as a just or inevitable war.The thought that approved imperialism penetrated widely among Japanese then, however, the thought that denied it spread slowly on the other side. It was its expression that Tolstoy' s principle of nonresistance was accepted pretty extensively and Christian socialists based on his principle gathered together in Heiminsha and developed an antiwar movement. I am planning to publish the result of this study shortly.

本研究在对日俄战争的各种看法中，重新审视了世纪初日本的和平思想。1998年，我主要研究了黑民社运动，重点是木下直江等基督教社会主义者。1999年，为了弄清关于日俄战争的全部观点，我考察了世纪之初关于帝国主义的各种观点。在本世纪之初，帝国主义虽然只是在第一次世界大战以后才受到谴责，但它是可以肯定的。然而，当时的日本舆论领袖们，由于在道义上被指责为侵略政策，被鄙视为追随西方或白色人的态度，又担心西方国家的防范，所以无法毫不犹豫地主张帝国主义。本研究考察了主张帝国主义的德富宗保、高山长九、浮田一民、山路爱山、江比那团条等人。并阐明了他们意见的各个方面。在日俄战争中，没有人断言日本帝国主义，因为这场战争被认为是反对俄罗斯帝国主义的自卫战争。但在此之前，日本人对帝国主义的认识，使许多日本人意识到了国际力量关系的重要性，并对日本人认同战争是正义的或不可避免的战争起了重要作用，赞成帝国主义的思想在当时日本人中广泛渗透，而否定帝国主义的思想则在另一边缓慢蔓延。正是它的表现，使托尔斯泰的不抵抗原则得到了相当广泛的接受，基督教社会主义者根据他的原则聚集在黑民沙，发展了反战运动。我计划在短期内公布这项研究的结果。