International Comparison of Metropolotan Growth in Southeast Asia (from the viewpoint of Labor Market)

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On the basis of my fact-findings survey in Southeast Asian countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore), this research analyzes some aspects of the metropolitan labor market. My main findings are the following. 1. External and internal labor market is clearly segmented. 2. Laborers are mainly supplied, not only from the rural peasantry, but also from the urban laborers' households. 3. The recruit of laborers is largely based on the territorial and blood connection. 4. Japanese-style management is introduced limitedly. 5. Many temporary laborers are employed as a buffer of labor demand after Asian economic crisis. In sum, the ranking of laborers increasingly becomes clear, in accordance with the segmented labor markets.