Research on the Fiscal Aspects of American-style Welfare State

美式福利国家的财政问题研究

• 批准号: 10630086
• 负责人: SHIBUYA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10630086/
• 关键词: America; American Fiscal; Fiscal; Nixon; Nixon Doctrine; Pax-Americana; Military; Welfare; 税制; 社会保障; 改革

In order to find the fiscal characteristics of the U.S.federal government and American-style Welfare State, I analyzed the fiscal structure and policy-making process under Nixon Administration. It was the turning point both in the world system as Pax-Americana and the Domestic Social System. First is that the military burdens began to be shared among the advanced nations. Second is that the "Affluent Society" began to expand the American-style Welfare State. Third is that the share of military expenditure was declining and that of welfare-related expenditures was rising, on the other hand, with the bracket-creep under the steep inflation, tax revenue continued to increase. In addition, in 1970's under the conservative Nixon Administration the tax expenditure for inducing the expansion of private pensions and private health insurance grew because of bracket creep.It may seems a historical irony that under the conservative Nixon Administration the American-style Welfare State was drastically expanded. But it might be that Nixon Administration only caught the opportunity to get the fiscal resources, from the military spending cut after the Vietnam War and during the new stage of Pax-Americana, in order to make progress in building the American-style Welfare State.

为了揭示美国联邦政府和美国式福利国家的财政特征，本文分析了尼克松政府时期的财政结构和政策制定过程。它是美国治下的世界体系和美国国内社会体系的转折点。首先，军事负担开始由发达国家分担。二是“富裕社会”开始扩展美国式的福利国家。三是军费开支比重下降，福利开支比重上升，另一方面，随着通货膨胀率的急剧上升，税收收入继续增加。此外，在20世纪70年代保守的尼克松政府时期，用于促进私人养老金和私人健康保险扩张的税收支出因括号蠕变而增加，这似乎是一个历史的讽刺，在保守的尼克松政府时期，美国式的福利国家急剧扩张。但尼克松政府可能只是抓住了越南战争后削减军费和美国和平新阶段的机会，才得以在建设美国式福利国家方面取得进展。

项目成果

渋谷博史: "アメリカ型福祉国家財政:ニクソン期を素材にして"JIPF BULLETIN(日本財政学会). 55. 127-130 (1998)

Hiroshi Shibuya：“美国式福利国家金融：基于尼克松时代”JIPF BULLETIN（日本公共财政研究所）55. 127-130（1998）。

Shibuya Hiroshi: "Pax-Americana and the Japanese Welfare State" Discussion Paper (F-83, ISS, Tokyo University).

涩谷浩：“美国治下的和平与日本福利国家”讨论论文（F-83，ISS，东京大学）。

渋谷博史: "ニクソン政権期の軍事財政"経済学論纂(中央大学). 41-3. 225-286 (2000)

Hiroshi Shibuya：“尼克松政府时期的军事金融”经济评论（中央大学）41-3（2000）。

Hiroshi SHIBUYA: "Social Welfare and Company's Welfare"Shogo Takegawa & etc.ed.Company's Welfare and Social Welfare (University of Tokyo Press). 207-225 (2000)

涩谷浩：“社会福利与公司福利”竹川正吾

渋谷博史: "パクス・アメリカーナと米国型及び日本型経済社会の分析視角設定の試み"Discussin Paper Series(東京大学社会科学研究所). J-88. 1-20 (1999)

Hiroshi Shibuya：“试图建立对美国治下的和平与美国和日本经济社会的分析视角”讨论论文系列（东京大学社会科学研究所）J-88（1999）。