Evaluation of effectiveness of 3-D resistivity surveys

电阻率法的数值模拟结果表明，三维电阻率法的分辨率和精度远高于常规二维电阻率法。利用二维测量，可以定位近地表异常，但由于二维假设的破裂，它们可能在深度处产生伪影。在测量几何学方面，本研究主要集中于“多重平行剖面测量”，这是二维测量几何学的延伸版本。从模拟中得出的要点总结如下：1。对于近地表非均匀体，除非数据欠采样，否则无论电极阵列如何，3-D测量都给出了几乎完美的重建。另一方面，深度目标的分辨率取决于所使用的电极阵列。2.在数据质量相同的情况下，偶极-偶极阵的性能优于极-极阵.当采用极-极排列时，为了提高分辨率，需要在共线数据中加入交叉线数据。

Numerical simulations of resistivity method show that 3-D survey gives far more better resolution and accuracy than conventional 2-D surveys. With 2-D surveys, it is possible to locate near-surface anomalies, but they are likely to generate artifacts at depth due to the breakedown of 2-D assumption. With respect to the survey geometry, this study mainly focus on 'multiple, parallel profile survey', which is an extended version of 2-D survey geometry. A summary of important points derived from simulations are :1. For the near-surface inhomogeneites, the 3-D survey gives almost perfect reconstruction regardless of the electrode arrays unless data is undersampled. On the other hand, the resolution for the target at depth depends on the electrode array used.2. If the data has the same quality, the dipole-dipole array gives better performance than the pole-pole array.3. When the pole-pole array is used, the cross-line data should be added to the in-line data to enhance the resolution.