Genetical and molecular biological analyses on seed dormancy of Echinochloa plants

（1）E.的文化形式。在种子的荷尔蒙中，奥利西科拉遗传上是不可靠的，与其Weedy形式以深层种子的荷尔蒙循环杂交的。Frequency distribution of F-D22-D2 hybrids with different dormancy levels in their seeds suggested two major genes for control of the seed dormancy。Seeds derived from inbreeding of all of the F-D22-D2 hybrids that appeared to be recessive homozygotes for the two genes were nondormant。（2） Two mRNA that specifically expressed in dormant seeds were found at an early stage of imbibition when mRNA were compared between dormant and nondormant seeds of both tetraploid and hexaploid Echinochloa plants by differential display。一个人的补充DNA（EcD 400）没有已知的蛋白质的同源性，但另一个（EcD 700）建议通过数据库同源性Hy D1+ Yy D1-ATPase进行线粒体同源性评估。根据我们先前研究的结果，这一发现可能表明，这种基因的剂量是由航空反应来维持的，而这种剂量也是由航空反应来释放的，而模拟反应的增加活动。（3）两种以上的杂交实验和分子生物学分析都提出了两种基因在种子剂量机制中被纳入的建议。然而，需要进行更多的研究，以澄清混合酶和EcD 400在Echinochloa植物种子中混合体的高级产物和作用的多层次水平。

(1) Cultivated form of E. oryzicola genetically deficient in seed dormancy was reciprocally hybridized with its weedy form with deep seed dormancy. Frequency distribution of FィイD22ィエD2 hybrids with different dormancy levels in their seeds suggested two major genes for control of the seed dormancy. Seeds derived from inbreeding of all of the FィイD22ィエD2 hybrids that appeared to be recessive homozygotes for the two genes were nondormant.(2) Two mRNA that specifically expressed in dormant seeds were found at an early stage of imbibition when mRNA were compared between dormant and nondormant seeds of both tetraploid and hexaploid Echinochloa plants by differential display. Complimentary DNA of the one (EcD400) had no homology with known proteins, but that of the other (EcD700) was suggested to be mitochondrial HィイD1+ィエD1-ATPase by a database homology assessment. With results of our previous studies, this finding may indicate that seed dormancy of this genus is maintained by aerobic respiration, and the dormancy is released by increasing activity of anaerobic respiration.(3) Both the above hybridization experiment and molecular biological analyses suggested that two genes were involved in the mechanism of seed dormancy. But further studies are required to clarify dormancy levels of the advanced progenies of the hybrids and roles of the respiratory enzyme and EcD400 in a seed of Echinochloa plants.