Nutritional Effect of structured triacylglycerol containing EPA and DHA

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Rats were given a diet containing seal oil in which EPA and DHA are mainly distributed at the sn-1 and 3 positions or fish oil in which they are mainly at the sn-2 position. The content of EPA and DHA was adjusted to the same between the diets containing seal and fish oils. Linoleic acid-rich oil was used as a control. Seal oil more effectively reduced the concentration of triacylglycerol in plasma and liver compared with fish oil. The reduction of triacylcglycerol was caused by the decreased fatty acid synthesis in the liver. The production of thromboxane AィイD22ィエD2 in platelet was effectively lowered in rats fed seal oil diet. The content of arachidonic acid in liver phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine was more effectively reduced by the feeding of seal oil than fish oil. The long time feeding of seal or fish oils in ExHC rats and apolipoprotein E deficient mice also showed that seal oil is more effective to reduce arachidonic acid content in tissue phospholipids. These observations suggested that EPA and DHA bound to sn-1,3 positions of triacylglycerol are more effective to prevent thrombosis and atherosclerosis than those bound to sn-2 position.