An Industrial-Organization-Theoretic Study on the Future Efficient Dairy Plant Location in Japan : Minimum-Cost Network-Flow Analysis Approach

对于日本的9个农业区，我们估计了简单马尔可夫链的转移矩阵，（状态：经产奶牛数量的大小类/上类对应于大体型，初始概率：根据日本乳业理事会1996-98年奶牛场基本调查，除北海道外，几乎所有地区的阶层都表现出向下层阶层流动的趋势强于向上层阶层流动的趋势。根据财务省的贸易统计、管理协调机构的家庭收支调查年度报告以及日本乳业理事会的相关研究数据，明确了以下几点。(1)日本乳制品进口的现状和增长趋势，（2）乳制品的商品分类， 关于我们 本研究通过对关东地区集团和日本乳业理事会的9个原奶生产者指定组织的访谈调查，明确了以下几点：（1）日本乳制品市场的地域分类;（2）各地区乳制品的需求现状和需求函数;（3）各地区乳制品的需求结构差异。相关研究数据。(1)乳品厂和原料奶运输路线的最新选址情况，（2）原料奶生产者组织为提高原料奶营销的选址效率所做的努力，（3）提高关东地区集团现有原料奶营销区位效率的可能性和今后需要解决的问题。日本乳业理事会的96次全国原料奶市场同步调查及相关统计数据。(1)日本生鲜乳加工企业的区位现状。（2）生鲜乳加工企业的产品分类。我们还指定了原奶最小成本网络流问题关东地区集团，其中包括417个原奶运输点（原产地）和101个原奶加工厂（目的地），解决这些问题，使用个人计算机代码在这项研究中开发的，并显示重要的点时，我们试图提高原奶营销的位置效率要考虑。少

For each of 9 agricultural regions in Japan, we estimate transition matrix of simple Markov chain (state : size class of number of multiparous cows / upper class corresponds to large size, initial probability : 1998 number share of dairy farms of each class) based on 1996-98 Dairy Farm Basic Surveys of Japan Dairy Council, and we show that trend of moving to lower classes is stronger than trend of moving to upper classes in almost all class in all region excluding Hokkaido. For each region we also forcaste quantity of milk production, number of dairy farms, and number share of dairy farms of each class for the period from 1998 to 2008.We make the following points clear based on Trade Statistics of Ministry of Finance, Annual Report on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey of Management and Coordination Agency, and related research data of Japan Dairy Council. (1) Recent situation and increasing trend of dairy products import in Japan, (2) commodity classification of dairy products a … More nd regional classification of dairy products market in Japan for our study, (3) recent demand situation and demand function of each dairy product in each regional marked, (4) difference in demand structure of each dairy product among regional markets.We make the following points clear based on our Interview Survey of 9 Designated Organizations of raw milk producers in KANTO Regional Bloc and Japan Dairy Council, and related research data. (1) Recent locational situation of dairy plants and raw milk hauling routes, (2) existing efforts of raw milk producers' organizations to improve locational efficiency of raw milk marketing, (3) possibility and problems to be solved in the future to improve locational efficiency of existing raw milk marketing in KANTO Regional Bloc.We make the following points clear based on 1995-96 National Simultaneous Raw Milk Marketing Surveys of Japan Dairy Council and related statistical data. (1) Recent locational situation of raw milk processing plants in Japan, (2) classification of raw milk processing plants by products manufactured by the plants. We also specify raw milk minimum-cost-network-flow problems for KANTO Regional Bloc which covers 417 raw milk shipping points (origins) and 101 raw milk processing plants (destinations), solve these problems using personal computer code developed in this study, and show important points to be considered when we try to improve locational efficiency of raw milk marketing. Less