Studies on pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of serious diseases.

摘要由下列五个项目组成。结论1.呼肠孤病毒2型(Reo-2)感染DBA/1小鼠可引起胰岛炎症，导致胰岛细胞破坏，导致糖尿病样综合征，提示ReO-2可能通过辅助性T(Th)1细胞介导自身免疫性胰腺炎，干扰素-T可能在胰岛炎症中发挥作用。研究了乳酸脱氢酶病毒(LDV)感染对巴西拟圆线虫保护性免疫反应和变态反应性嗜酸性粒细胞反应的影响。提示LDV感染可能通过激活Th1细胞来调节机体的保护性免疫应答，其对IL-5基因表达的抑制可能不是通过Th1和Th2细胞之间的相互抑制机制实现的。用马疱疹病毒1型和4型特异性酶联免疫吸附试验…证实了马疱疹病毒在日本的传播更多(酶联免疫吸附试验)。该方法不仅适用于日本未接种EHV-1和EHV-4的马的诊断和流行病学研究，也适用于日本接种疫苗的马的诊断和流行病学研究。关于茨城病毒的遗传学和分子特性的信息很少。在本研究中，我们明确了茨城病毒VP5编码基因M5RNA片段的全序列。M5片段长1641个碱基对，有一个单一的开放阅读框架，预测了一个527个氨基酸的多肽。EHDV-2JPNL2基因全长3002个碱基对，开放阅读框长2949bp，编码982个氨基酸残基。雏鸡被认为是鸡贫血病毒(CAV)的自然宿主。我们用微量血清中和试验检测了鸡、日本鸣禽、鸽子、鸭子和鸭子的CAV病毒中和抗体的存在。因此，可能是冠状病毒样病毒的宿主之一。这是首次在鸡以外的物种中发现针对CAV的VN抗体。较少

Summary consisted of five items listed bellow.1. Reovirus type-2 (Reo-2) infection in DBA/1 mice causes insulitis, which leads to pancreatic islet-cell destruction, resulting in a diabetes-like syndrome, and we suggested that Reo-2-triggerd autoimmune insulitis may be mediated by helper T(Th)1 cells and interferon-T may play a role in islet inflamation leading to islet cell destruction.2. The effect of lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) infection on the protective immune response to the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and allergic eosinophil reaction were studied. The results suggest that LDV infection modulates protective immune responses against N. brasiliensis by the activation of Th1 cells, and suppression of IL-5 gene expression by LDV infection may not be mediated by a mutual inhibitory mechanism between Th1 and Th2 cells.3. The dissemination of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and -4 among horses in Japan was demonstrated by a type-specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay … More (ELISA). And we indicated that this ELISA using paired sera is useful for a diagnosis and epizootiological study on EHV-1 and -4 infections not only in unvaccinated horses, but also in vaccinated horses in Japan.4. Little information is available on the genetics and molecular properties of Ibaraki virus. In this study we clarified the complete nucleotide sequence of M5 RNA segment encoding VP5 of Ibaraki virus. The M5 segment is 1641 base pairs long with the single open reading frame which predics a polypeptide of 527 amino acids. Also the EHDV-2JPN L2 gene is 3002 base pairs long with a single open reading frame of 2949 bp which predicts a polypeptide of 982 amino acid residues.5. The chick has been considered as the natural host for chicken anemia virus (CAV). We examined chicken, Japanese quail, pigeon, duck and crowsera by a micro-scale serum neutralization test for the presence of virus-neutraizing (VN) antibodies to CAV. As the results, quail might be one of the hosts of CAV-like virus. This is the first report of VN antibodies to CAV in a species other than chicken. Less