Studies on pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of serious diseases.

摘要包括以下五个项目。呼肠孤病毒2型（Reo-2）感染DBA/1小鼠引起胰岛素炎，导致胰岛细胞破坏，导致糖尿病样综合征，我们认为Reo-2引发的自身免疫性胰岛素炎可能是由辅助性T(Th)1细胞介导的，干扰素T可能在胰岛炎症中起作用，导致胰岛细胞破坏。研究了乳酸脱氢酶病毒（LDV）感染对巴西尼波圆线虫保护性免疫反应和变态反应性嗜酸性粒细胞的影响。结果表明，LDV感染可通过激活Th1细胞调节对巴西蠓的保护性免疫应答，而LDV感染对IL-5基因表达的抑制可能不是通过Th1和Th2细胞之间的相互抑制机制介导的。通过类型特异性酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）证实了马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）和-4在日本马中的传播。结果表明，该酶联免疫吸附试验不仅适用于未接种疫苗的马，也适用于接种疫苗的日本马的EHV-1和-4感染的诊断和流行病学研究。关于茨城县病毒的遗传和分子特性的信息很少。本研究明确了茨城县病毒编码VP5的M5 RNA片段的全核苷酸序列。M5片段长1641个碱基对，具有单个开放阅读框，预测527个氨基酸的多肽。edhv - 2jpn L2基因全长3002个碱基对，单开放阅读框长度为2949 bp，预测含有982个氨基酸残基的多肽。鸡被认为是鸡贫血病毒（CAV）的天然宿主。采用微量血清中和试验检测鸡、鹌鹑、鸽子、鸭和乌鸦血清中CAV病毒中和（VN）抗体的存在。因此，鹌鹑可能是cav样病毒的宿主之一。这是首次在鸡以外的物种中发现针对CAV的VN抗体。少

Summary consisted of five items listed bellow.1. Reovirus type-2 (Reo-2) infection in DBA/1 mice causes insulitis, which leads to pancreatic islet-cell destruction, resulting in a diabetes-like syndrome, and we suggested that Reo-2-triggerd autoimmune insulitis may be mediated by helper T(Th)1 cells and interferon-T may play a role in islet inflamation leading to islet cell destruction.2. The effect of lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) infection on the protective immune response to the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and allergic eosinophil reaction were studied. The results suggest that LDV infection modulates protective immune responses against N. brasiliensis by the activation of Th1 cells, and suppression of IL-5 gene expression by LDV infection may not be mediated by a mutual inhibitory mechanism between Th1 and Th2 cells.3. The dissemination of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and -4 among horses in Japan was demonstrated by a type-specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay … More (ELISA). And we indicated that this ELISA using paired sera is useful for a diagnosis and epizootiological study on EHV-1 and -4 infections not only in unvaccinated horses, but also in vaccinated horses in Japan.4. Little information is available on the genetics and molecular properties of Ibaraki virus. In this study we clarified the complete nucleotide sequence of M5 RNA segment encoding VP5 of Ibaraki virus. The M5 segment is 1641 base pairs long with the single open reading frame which predics a polypeptide of 527 amino acids. Also the EHDV-2JPN L2 gene is 3002 base pairs long with a single open reading frame of 2949 bp which predicts a polypeptide of 982 amino acid residues.5. The chick has been considered as the natural host for chicken anemia virus (CAV). We examined chicken, Japanese quail, pigeon, duck and crowsera by a micro-scale serum neutralization test for the presence of virus-neutraizing (VN) antibodies to CAV. As the results, quail might be one of the hosts of CAV-like virus. This is the first report of VN antibodies to CAV in a species other than chicken. Less