Functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of voltage-gated proton channels

电压-门控质子channels are unique mechanisms to exclude a massive amount of hy D1+ hy D1 from the inside of cells， and are considered to contributed to a rapid regulation of intracellular pH. We studed expression and regulatory mechanisms of the hy D1+ hy D1 currents in cells with different functions， such as， bone marrow-derived mast cells （BMMC），大鼠脊柱微胶质细胞和Murine osteoclasts。Recently high sensitivity to temperature has been found to be a common feature of H-D1 + H-D1 currents in many types of cells。在BMMC和微胶质细胞中，稳定状态电流、激活延迟和激活速率依赖于22和36℃之间温度的极大幅度。“半激活电压被转移到了更多的消极潜力，因为两个细胞都在加热。”当前激活的温度设定点在BMMC中可能高于其内在闸门属性或模块化机制。超过90%的圆形/淀粉样微球表达的H D ... More 1+爱D1 currents。H-D1 + H-D1 currents were increased in association with cell swelling induced by intracellular dialysis with acidic pipette solutions （pH 5.5-6.8）。acidosis-induced cell swelling and the accompanying potentiation of the Hy D1+ Hy D1 currents required non-hydrolytic actions of intracellular ATP and were inhibited by agents affecting actin filaments （phaloidin and cytochalasin D）， as the hypotonically-activated Cly D1-Hy D1 channel in osteoclasts。These findings suggest that cell swelling induced by either intracellular acidification or osmotic imbalance is a crucial signal to increase the Hy D1+イエD1 currents of microglia。The swelling-mediated regulation of the Hy D1 channel might operate as a negative feedback Mechanism to protect microglia from cytotoxic acidification and swelling in the pathological CNS。These results suggest that activities of the HイD1+イエD1 channels are regulated in relation to their functional states and phenotypes and are involved in the various pathophysiolocal effen。Less（低）

Voltage-gated proton (HィイD1+ィエD1) channels are unique mechanisms to exclude a massive amount of HィイD1+ィエD1 from the inside of cells, and are considered to contribute to a rapid regulation of intracellular pH. We studied expression and regulatory mechanisms of the HィイD1+ィエD1 currents in cells with different functions, such as, bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC), rat spinal microglia and murine osteoclasts. Recently high sensitivity to temperature has been found to be a common feature of HィイD1+ィエD1 currents in many types of cells. In both BMMC and microglia, the amplitude of steady-state currents, the activation delay, and the activation rate depended greatly on temperature between 22 and 36℃. The half activation voltage was shifted to more negative potentials by heating in both cells. The temperature set-point for the current activation was higher in BMMC possibly due to its intrinsic gating properties or modulatory mechanisms. More than 90% of round/amoeboid microglia expressed HィイD … More 1+ィエD1 currents. The HィイD1+ィエD1 currents were increased in association with cell swelling induced by intracellular dialysis with acidic pipette solutions (pH 5.5-6.8). The acidosis-induced cell swelling and the accompanying potentiation of the HィイD1+ィエD1 currents required non-hydrolytic actions of intracellular ATP and were inhibited by agents affecting actin filaments (phalloidin and cytochalasin D), as the hypotonically-activated ClィイD1-ィエD1 channel in osteoclasts. These findings suggest that cell swelling induced by either intracellular acidification or osmotic imbalance is a crucial signal to increase the HィイD1+ィエD1 currents of microglia. The swelling-mediated regulation of the HィイD1+ィエD1 channel might operate as a negative feedback mechanism to protect microglia from cytotoxic acidification and swelling in the pathological CNS. These results suggest that activities of the HィイD1+ィエD1 channels are regulated in relation to their functional states and phenotypes and are involved in the various pathophysiolocal effects. Less