Effect of food-derived intestinal content such as fatty acids on intestinal mucosal barrier

1.一氧化氮（NO）对肠上皮细胞通透性的影响和紧密连接蛋白（occludin）NO供体增加了Caco-2细胞单层的通透性。NOS抑制剂抑制牛磺胆酸盐诱导的通透性增高。在NO供体的存在下，在将FITC-葡聚糖添加到顶端隔室后1小时，在细胞旁空间处观察到荧光。在NO供体存在下，闭合蛋白的高分子量条带变得微弱。在NO供体的存在下，使用抗磷酸丝氨酸抗体获得的与occuludin的高分子量条带相对应的条带变得微弱。在NO供体存在的情况下，紧密连接处的occludin被染色，但染色比对照组略宽。这些结果表明，肠上皮通透性增加，不仅由外源性管理的NO，但也由肠上皮细胞产生的NO。渗透性的增加似乎是由于 ...更多信息 在紧密连接上，这与occuludin的去磷酸化有关。脂肪酸对肠上皮细胞、Caco-2细胞产生趋化因子的影响丁酸、短链脂肪酸可降低肠上皮细胞产生白细胞介素（IL）-8，ω-3脂肪酸如二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）对IL-8无影响。油酸（OA）和癸酸（CA）增加IL-8的产生。蛋白激酶C和磷脂酶A2参与OA诱导IL-8产生的信号转导通路，但不参与CA诱导IL-8产生的信号转导通路.全肠灌洗液（WGLF）和粪便中蛋白质的测量WGLF或粪便均可用作研究炎症性肠病（IBD）患者的病理生理学和疾病活动的样本。在IBD活动期，颗粒蛋白在上清液和沉淀中的浓度均增加，颗粒蛋白的上清/沉淀比降低。这些发现表明，虽然中性粒细胞迁移到管腔中的活动性IBD极大地增加，但迁移到管腔中的许多中性粒细胞并不释放颗粒蛋白。少

1. Effect of nitric oxide (NO) on intestinal epithelial permeability and tight junction protein (occludin)NO donors increased the permeability of the Caco-2 cell monolayer. NOS inhibitors suppressed taurocholate-induced hyperpermeability. In the presence of NO donor, fluorescence was observed at the paracellular space one hour after the addition of FITC-dextran to the apical compartment. In the presence of NO donor, the higher molecular-weight band of occludin became faint. In the presence of NO donor, bands obtained using anti-phophoserine antibody corresponding with the higher molecular-weight band of occuludin became faint. In the presence of NO donor, occludin was stained at the tight junction but the stain was a little broader than that in the control. These findings suggested that intestinal epithelial permeability is increased not only by exogenously administered NO but also by NO produced by intestinal epithelial cells. The increased permeability appears to be due to the dilati … More on of the tight junction, which is associated with the dephosphorylation of occuludin.2. Effect of fatty acids on chemokine production in intestinal epithelial cells, Caco-2 cellsButyate, short-chain fatty acid, decreased interleukin(IL)-8 production in intestinal epithelial cells.ω-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) showed no effect on IL-8 production. Oleic acid (OA) and capric acid (CA) increased IL-8 production. Proteainkinase C and phospholipase A2 were involved in signal transduction pathways for OA-induced IL-8 production but not for CA-induced IL-8 production.3. Measurement of proteins in whole gut lavage fluid (WGLF) and fecesEither WGLF or feces can be used as a sample to investigate pathophysiology and disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In active IBD, the concentrations of granular proteins were increased both in the supernatant and pellet, and the supernatant/pellet ratios of granular proteins were decreased. These findings suggested that although the migration of neutrophils into the lumen is extremely increased in active IBD, a number of neutrophils that migrated into the lumen did not release granular proteins. Less