Specific Periodontopathic Bacteria and Salivary Components in Individuals with Down syndrome

众所周知，患有唐氏综合征（DS）的个体经常会发展成严重的牙周疾病。虽然放线共生放线杆菌被怀疑是一种致病性病原体，但仍不清楚主要涉及哪些病原体。本研究对120名DS儿童（2-13岁，每个年龄段5名）和60名年龄匹配的对照组，以及62名DS成人（14-57岁）进行了牙周致病菌的调查。牙龈卟啉单胞菌（Porphyromonas gingivalis）、牙龈卟啉单胞菌（A.放线菌共生菌、拟杆菌、齿垢密螺旋体、中间普雷沃氏菌、变黑普雷沃氏菌、赭色二氧化碳嗜纤维菌、C.使用聚合酶链反应对龈下菌斑样本中的产痰菌、直弯杆菌和腐蚀艾孔菌进行了调查。牙周状况通过牙周袋探诊深度、探诊出血和牙龈情况进行评估。 ...更多信息 牙周状况没有显着差异，观察DS和对照组之间，然而，所有的病原体检测到更高的频率在DS儿童。B。Alpenthus，T. denticola、黑腐霉（P. nigrescens）和C.直肌在DS儿童的所有年龄段中显著流行（p<0.01或0.05）。在8岁以上的DS受试者中，牙龈卟啉单胞菌的出现也很明显。对62名牙周健康或患病的DS成人（14-57岁）进行了细菌发生情况的分析。牙龈卟啉单胞菌的感染率与牙周炎的严重程度有关。然而，大多数老年DS受试者（36-57岁）尽管有细菌谱，但仍表现出晚期牙周破坏。为明确牙龈卟啉单胞菌的基因型分布，进一步研究了牙龈卟啉单胞菌fimA基因4种基因型在人群中的分布。结果表明，在DS人群中，牙周致病菌在儿童早期就已定植，且以II型和Ib型fimA基因型的牙龈卟啉单胞菌占优势。研究还表明，具有特定基因型的牙龈卟啉单胞菌促进了DS成人的疾病进展。少

It is widely known that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) often develop severe periodontal diseases. Although Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is suspected to be a causative pathogen, it is still unclear which pathogens are predominantly involved. In this study, we surveyed the periodontal pathogens harboring in DS population to determine if specific pathogens are involved in the etiology of the periodontal diseases.The subjects were 120 children including 60 DS children (2-13 years old, 5 subjects in each age bracket) and 60 agematched controls, and 62 DS adults (14-57 years old). Ten pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, P. nigrescens, Capnocytophaga ochracea, C. sputigena, Campyrobacter rectus, and Eikonella corrodens were surveyed in subgingival plaque samples using a polymerase chain reaction. Periodontal status was evaluated by pocket probing depth, bleeding on probing, and gingival … More index.No significant difference in periodontal status was observed between the DS and control groups, however, all of the pathogens were detected with greater frequency in the DS children. B. forsythus, T. denticola, P. nigrescens, and C. rectus were significantly prevalent throughout all age brackets of the DS children (p<0.01 or 0.05). The occurrence of P. gingvalis was also significant in the DS subjects over 8 years old. A cluster analysis of the microbial profiles of the DS subjects showed that gingivitis was associated with increased varieties of the harboring pathogens and the distribution of P. gingivalis.The bacterial occurrences were analyzed in 62 DS adults (14-57 years old) with healthy or diseased periodontal status. The prevalence of P. gingivalis showed the relationship to severity of periodontitis in 14-35 yeas old DS subjects. Whereas, a majority of the older DS subjects (36-57 yeas old) showed advance periodontal destruction despite of bacterial profiles. To clarify the prevalence of specific genptypes of this organism, the distribition of four genotypes of fimA gene of P. gingivalis was further investigated in the subjects. P. gingivalis possessing type II or type Ib fimA gene was found to be significantly predominant.These results suggest that colonization by various periodontal pathogens can occur in quite early childhood of the DS population. It is also suggested that P. gingivalis with specific genotypes promote the disease progression in DS adults. Less