The fact and outlook of child - family nursing practice in baccalaureate programs

1998年，对1995年至1998年7月的文献进行了回顾。结果发现，儿童和家庭护理实践的环境越来越困难，因为儿童的数量正在减少，儿童的疾病在医院越来越严重。在文献回顾的基础上，编制了两份有关儿童与家庭护理实践的问卷。1999年采用邮寄1998年问卷的方式，对大专院校护理人员和护理人员进行调查。数据收集自34名教职员工（79.1%的返回率）和71名临床工作人员（84.5%的返回率）。教师们认为，学生们没有太多的经验，发挥和儿童交谈前的做法和学生人数太多，有一个很好的做法。临床工作者认为实习时间太短，难以理解学生。2000年调查了教师和临床工作人员如何相互配合，使学生在儿童与家庭护理临床实践中取得良好和安全的效果，2001年邀请了一些儿童与家庭护理专家讨论了在学士学位课程中儿童与家庭护理的理想临床实践。学生在临床实习前应进行一定的学习，体验与幼儿玩耍、交谈、学习基本护理技能等，并与医护人员进行积极的面对面交流，以改善临床实习环境，促进学生良好的学习。

In 1998, a literature review from 1995 to July in 1998 was conducted. It was found that the environment of child and family nursing practice was getting harder because the number of the children was decreasing and children's illnesses in the hospital was getting critical. Two kinds of questionnaries about child and family nursing practice were made based of the literature review. One of them was for nursing faculty members of universities and colleges and the other was for nursing staffs.In 1999, the survey was conducted by mailing questionnaries made in 1998. Data were collected from 34 faculty members (79.1 % return rate) and 71 clinical staffs (84.5 % return rate). Faculty members felt that students don't have much experience to play and talk with children before practice and that the number of students was too many to have a good practice. And clinical staffs felt that the length of the clinical practice was too short to understand students. And it was found that most of them did't have any reward for teaching students.In 2000, it was investigated how faculty members and clinical staffs cooperate with other to succeed in students' good and safe clinical practice of child and family nursing.In 2001, some specialists for child and family nursing were asked to discuss about the ideal clinical practice of child and family nursing in baccalaureate program. It is important for students to take some lessons before clinical practice, in which they experience to play and talk with children and learn basic nursing skills and so on.It is necessary that positive face-to-face communication of faculties and staffs to improve the environment of the clinical practice and to promote students good learning.