The Geographical Study about the Actual Condition and the Change of Traditional Markets in Modern Rural China

在本次研究中，我首先努力收集了近代中国传统市场交易的资料以及拥有丰富的中国相关图书资料的图书馆和研究机构的各种地图资料、统计资料。其次建立了广西和广东省传统市场各种属性的数据库，并通过绘图数据库分析了市场的分布和区位。进一步，根据商务政策频繁变化的详细数据分析，分析了市场交换的变化。研究结果如下：1)建国后，商业政策频繁变化，对市场交易影响较大，市场反复休市和复市。但出于日常生活的需要，即使在大跃进、文革时期，许多市场仍继续进行贸易活动。2）改革开放后，市场广泛恢复。市场的作用是渗透到农村的市场经济中，通过活跃商品交易来引领经济发展。3）作为总的趋势，市场正在从周期性市场向日常市场转变，市场的位置也从沿街或空地的摊位向建筑物内的立店转变。4）为了使许多人聚集，市场不仅仅是商品交易的场所，而且像明清时期一样，作为各种富家聚集的中心场所的作用很重要。

In this study, first I endeavored to collect the data on traditional market exchange in modern China and various map data, and statistics data in the library and the research organization which possesses China-related books and data abundantly. Second I created the database about various attributes of traditional market in Guangxi and Guangdong Province, and analyzed the distribution and the location of markets by mapping database. Furthermore, based on detailed data analysis of frequent changes in policy about commerce, I analysed changes of market exchange. The result of research can be collected as follows.1) After the founding of the country, market exchange were greatly influenced by frequent change of a commercial policy, and markets repeated closing and resumption. However, from the necessity for everyday life, even in the time of the Great Leap or the Cultural Revolution, many markets continued trade activities.2) After enforcement of the economic reform and open-door policy, markets were extensively resumed. The role which markets were expected is to permeate market economy in rural area and to lead economical development by activating dealings of goods.3) As a general tendency, markets are changing from periodic market to daily market, and location of market also changing from the stall of along a street or an open space to the standing store in a building.4) In order that many people may gather, market place is not only the place of dealing of goods, but like the Ming and Qing time, a role as central place which various fucaons accumulate is important.