CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE FAULTS ALONG THE INDO-EURASIA PLATE BOUNDARY ANALYSED BY THE SATELLITE PHOTOGRAPHS

该项目的目的是利用智能卫星照片解释活动断层及其运动，以阐明印度-欧亚大陆边界沿着的构造特征。本文详细讨论了卫星照片在欠发达国家地貌研究中的应用价值，通过对航片、卫星照片和影像质量的比较，认为立体卫星照片具有较强的立体感，可以识别活动断层的低起伏，这些卫星照片的解释揭示了研究中许多未知的活动断层，该地区包括从尼泊尔东南部喜马拉雅山麓延伸到孟加拉国的活动断层系统，以及连接喀喇昆仑断层和尼泊尔喜马拉雅走滑断层系统的尼泊尔西北部断层痕迹。这一发现表明，一个广泛的横向断裂系统是横跨喜马拉雅山脉的重要活动断层，而不是地质学上众所周知的大规模逆冲推覆，形成了该山脉的地质框架。许多新的断层痕迹也被发现沿着喜马拉雅山脉的前缘带，特别是在没有工作人员进行野外工作的地区，如印度西北部的山麓带。

This project aimed to clarify characteristics of tectonics along the Indo-Eurasia boundary based on interpretation of active faults and their movements using the intelligent satellite photographs. Merits of using the satellite photographs for geomorphological studies in under-developing countries were discussed in detailed.Comparing the quality of air photographs, the satellite photographs and imageries, it is concluded that stereo sets of the satellite photographs are powerful enough to read low relief across active faults, and that they are only affordable data source now freely available to the workers.Interpretation of the satellite photographs revealed many unknown active faults in the study area, including the active fault system which extend from the Himalayan foothill of SE Nepal to Bangladesh, and fault traces in NW Nepal which connects the Karakoram fault and the strike-slip fault system in the Nepal Himalaya. This finding suggests that an extensive transcurrent fault system is important active faulting across the Himalaya instead of geologically well-known large scale over-thrusting which formed the geological framework of the range.Many new fault traces are also revealed along the frontal zone of the Himalaya, especially in the area where no workers carried out fieldwork such as foot-hill zones of NW India.