Anatomical investigation on the visual input to the regions related to the optokinetic responses.

对与视动反应相关的区域的视觉输入进行解剖学研究。

• 批准号: 10680700
• 负责人: NORITA Masao
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Niigata University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10680700/
• 关键词: oculomotor; optokinetic response; pretectum; nucleus of optic tract; accessory optic nuclei; synaptic organization; GABA immuno-EM; fiber connection

The NOT and AON, which both receive direct retinal inputs, perform a regulatory function on optokinetic responses (OKR). The geniculostriate pathway influences on this regulation, apparently via extrastriate areas involved in motion processing.Retina and extrastriate lateral suprasylvian visual cortical efferents to NOT and AON have been studied ultrastructually in cats using WGA-HRP as anterograde tracer in combination with GABA immunohistochemistry. Retinal terminals (RTs) are numerous in both NOT and AON. These terminals contain pale mitochondria and round synaptic vesicles. RTs in NOT are often large and make asymmetrical synaptic contact with GABA-negative conventional dendrites and vesicle-containing GABA-positive dendrites which participate in glomeruli, while RTs in AON are small and make asymmetrical contacts mainly with conventional dendrites. No typical retinal glomeruli are found in AON. There appear to be no differences in morphology or synaptic organization of the cortica … More l terminals (CTs) between NOT and AON. CTs always are small, and make asymmetrical contact with GABA-negative conventional dendrites. The present results indicate that RTs and CTs differ morphologically in synaptic structure, reflecting their qualitative difference in processing visual information. Furthermore, RTs are morphologically identical in NOT and AON, reflecting their unique role in visual processing.Then, we have examined the projections from the retina and visual cortical areas (areas 17, 18a and 18b) to NOT in rats using tracers (wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase, WGA-HRP and cholera toxin B subunit, CTB) in order to clarify how these two different functional inputs to OKR are organized. CTB injection into the vitreous body resulted in anterograde label almost exclusively in the contralateral NOT. Ultrastructually, the size of the retinal axon terminals was small (up to 0.7 μm in diameter), contained round synaptic vesicles and pale mitochondria, and made asymmetrical synaptic contacts with both GABA-positive and GABA-negative NOT neurons. Visual cortical area 17 and the transitional area between area 17 and 18a, or between area 17 and 18b projected their axons to the ipsilateral NOT. Ultrastructually, the size of the cortical axon terminals was small (up to 0.5 μm in diameter), contained round synaptic vesicles, and made asymmetrical synaptic contacts only with GABA-negative NOT neurons. With light and electron microscopical observation, there was a considerable overlap in the cortico-NOT and retino-NOT projection pattern : GABA-negative (presumably NOT projection) neurons simultaneously receive input from both cortical and retinal terminals. From these results, it seems reasonable to postulate that inputs from visual cortical areas in the pigmented rat cooperate with those from the retina in controlling OKR. Less

NOT和AON都接受直接视网膜输入，对视动反应（OKR）执行调节功能。本研究采用WGA-HRP顺行示踪结合GABA免疫组织化学方法，对猫视网膜和纹外外侧上裂视皮层对NOT和AON的传出进行了超微结构研究。视网膜终末（Retinal terminals，RTs）在NOT和AON中都有大量的分布。这些终端包含苍白的线粒体和圆形突触囊泡。NOT中的RT通常较大，与GABA阴性的常规树突和参与肾小球的含有囊泡的GABA阳性树突进行不对称的突触接触，而AON中的RT较小，主要与常规树突进行不对称的接触。AON未见典型的视网膜肾小球。皮质的形态学或突触组织似乎没有差异 ...更多信息 l NOT和AON之间的端子（CT）。CT总是很小，并且与GABA阴性的常规树突不对称接触。这些结果表明，视皮层和视皮层在突触结构上存在着形态上的差异，反映了它们在视觉信息加工上的质的差异。此外，NOT和AON的RT在形态上是一致的，反映了它们在视觉加工中的独特作用。然后，我们研究了视网膜和视皮层的投射（区域17、18 a和18 b）至非（使用示踪剂）（麦胚凝集素结合的辣根过氧化物酶、WGA-HRP和霍乱毒素B亚基，CTB），以澄清OKR的这两个不同的功能输入是如何组织的。CTB注入玻璃体导致顺行标记几乎只在对侧NOT。超微结构上，视网膜轴突终末较小（直径可达0.7 μm），含有圆形的突触囊泡和苍白的线粒体，与GABA阳性和GABA阴性的NOT神经元形成不对称的突触接触。视皮层17区和17区与18 a区之间、17区与18 b区之间的过渡区的轴突投射到同侧的NOT。超微结构上，皮质轴突终末较小（直径可达0.5 μm），含有圆形突触囊泡，仅与GABA阴性的NOT神经元形成不对称的突触接触。光镜和电子显微镜观察，有相当大的重叠，在皮质-非和视网膜-非投影模式：GABA-阴性（推测非投影）神经元同时接收输入从皮质和视网膜终端。从这些结果，似乎合理的假设，在控制OKR的色素大鼠的视觉皮层区域的输入与视网膜合作。少

项目成果

Hoshino, K., Katoh, Y.Y., Wanzhu, Bai, Kaiya, T. and Norita, M.: "Distribution of terminals from pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and synoptic organization in lateralis medialis-suprageniculate nucleus of cat's thalamus : anterograde tracing and immunoh

Hoshino, K.、Katoh, Y.Y.、Wanzhu、Bai、Kaiya, T. 和 Norita, M.：“猫丘脑外侧内侧-膝上核中脚桥被盖核末端的分布和天气组织：顺行追踪和免疫

Meguro, R., Ohishi, H., Hoshino, K., Hicks, T.P. and Norita, M.: "mGluR2/3-immunoreactivity in the developing rat cerebellar cortex"J. Comp. Neurol.. 410. 243-255 (1999)

目黑 R.、大石 H.、星野 K.、希克斯 T.P.

Shintani, T., Hoshino, K., Meguro, R., Kaiya, T. and Norita, M.: "A light and electron microscopic analysis of the convergent retinal and visual cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pigmented rat."Neurobiology. (In press). (

Shintani, T.、Hoshino, K.、Meguro, R.、Kaiya, T. 和 Norita, M.：“对视束核会聚的视网膜和视觉皮层投影的光学和电子显微镜分析（NOT）

Hoshino, K., Hicks, T. P., Hirano, S. and Norita, M.: "Immunohistochemical study at the ultrastructural level of the organization of peptide, acetylcholine, and amino acid synaptic transmitters within various posterior thalamic nuclei in the cat."J. Comp.

Hoshino, K.、Hicks, T. P.、Hirano, S. 和 Norita, M.：“在猫的各种后丘脑核内肽、乙酰胆碱和氨基酸突触递质组织的超微结构水平上进行免疫组织化学研究。”J

Shintani, T., Hoshino, K., Meguro, R., Kaiya, T. and Norita, M.: "A light and electron microscopic analysis of the convergent retina and visual cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pigmented rat"Neurobiology. (In press). (20

Shintani, T.、Hoshino, K.、Meguro, R.、Kaiya, T. 和 Norita, M.：“对会聚视网膜和视觉皮层投射到视束核的光学和电子显微镜分析（NOT）