Kinematic analysis of swimming movements of skilled swimmers with Disabilities. : For Integrated Swimming Classification.

1. 本研究比较了SCI和CP（双瘫型）游泳运动员在自由泳和蛙泳中的特点。上肢脊髓损伤和CP的自由式游泳者骨盆最大旋转角度明显大于对照组。上肢脊髓损伤和CP患者的躯干攻角更大。这些现象是由骨盆和下肢的控制功能下降引起的，因为瘫痪。但是，发现在这些游泳运动员中，技术特别优秀的游泳运动员，骨盆的最大旋转角度较小，下肢关节的运动较少无用。3 .观察躯干的旋转运动，特别是躯干上下的运动，在S类（自由式）的评价中很重要。在蛙泳运动中，上肢运动分为划水和恢复，在这些运动中，减速的重要性在上肢脊髓损伤的游泳者中得到了认可。然而，在CP.5组中没有发现同样的意义。以上结果表明，在蛙泳运动中，上肢脊髓损伤者较中肢脊髓损伤者处于劣势，自由泳与蛙泳在IPC分类上的差异是合理的。本研究表明，对残疾人进行游泳训练的方法不应以健康游泳运动员的运动学分析结果为基础，而应以优秀游泳运动员的运动学分析结果为基础。

1. This study compared characteristics of those swimmers with SCI and CP (diplegic type) during free style and the breast stroke.2. The maximal rotational angle of the pelvis of free style swimmers with upper SCI and CP was significantly greater than that of the control subjects. Also, the attack angle of the trunk of those with upper SCI and CP was greater.These phenomena are caused by a decline of the control function of the pelvis and the lower extremities because of paralysis. But, it is founded that the maximal rotational angle of 1he pelvis was smaller and the movements of the joints of lower extremities were less useless concerning especially excellent skilled swimmers among these swimmers.3. The observation of the rotation movement of the trunk, especially the movements of the upper and lower trunk is important in the evaluation of the S class (free style).4. Motions of the upper extremities classified into sweep and recovery during the breaststroke, the significance of deceleration compared in those motions was recognized among swimmers with upper SCI.However, the same significance as not noted among those with CP.5. These results indicated those with upper SCI are at a disadvantage, compared with those with CP in breast stroke swimming, and it was found that the difference between the free style and breast stroke in IPC classification is appropriate.6.This study indicates that the method of swimming coaching to persons with disabilities should not be based on the result of a kinematic analysis of the healthy swimmers, but on that of excellent swimmers with disabilities.