Relationship between metastasis of canine malignant melanoma and membrane glycoprotein AD-1 (CD 63)

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Canine malignant melanoma has been known to be quite malignant with rapid growth, wide local invasion, early metastasis, resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and quite early metastasis. In mice, membrane glycoprotein, AD-1 or CD 63, has been known that it appears in the primary lesion but disappears in the metastatic lesion, therefore may play a role in the mechanism of the tumor metastasis. The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of AD-1 in the metastasis of canine malignant melanoma.In the first experiment, establishment of melanoma cell lines from the canine patients were conducted. Four cell lines originated from the oral membrane and skin with different proliferation manner and transplantability to nude mice were established.Using one of these cells, production of the monoclonal antibody to AD-1 was conducted. As a result, two antibodies were obrtained. One reacted only to melanoma cells and the other reacted to both melanoma and mastocytoma cells, which are known to have AD-1. Unfortunately it is still not demonstrated whether these antibodies are specific to AD-1.These two antibodies were used for the histochemistry of spontaneous canine melanoma tissues obtained at surgery. As a result, the former antibody reacted to either primary or metastatic lesions ; in some specimens, positive in the primary tissues and negative in the metastatic tissues, whereas in other tissues, positive in the metastatic tissues and negative in the primary tissues. This may suggest this antigody recognizes some of the substance which may relate to metastasis, but perhaps not to AD-1 . Further study will be needed to clarify the substance recognized by these monoclonal antibodies and its role in the mechanism of metastasis in this tumor.