Comparative study of canine and human atopic dermatitis from immunological aspect

犬特应性皮炎是一种遗传性、IgE介导的对环境过敏原的超敏反应。然而，人类特应性皮炎的治疗和管理有时被认为是困难的，因为狗。我们从环境、临床和免疫学的角度探讨了犬特应性是否可以作为一种临床模型。首先，通过问卷调查研究收集了2，164例特应性皮炎犬患者的背景数据。在日本，诱发特应性皮炎的犬种包括柴犬、金毛猎犬和西高地白色梗。日本特应性皮炎的主要过敏原包括屋尘螨、日本雪松和杂草花粉。可以想象，犬异位性皮炎的发病主要来自室内环境，而非室外环境。特应性皮炎患者外周血淋巴细胞产生的Th2细胞因子（白细胞介素10和4）没有改变，但是，特应性皮炎患者以及人类和小鼠的Th1细胞因子（γ干扰素）减少。这些结果可能导致的结论，犬特应性皮炎可能是一个很好的模型，用于评估人类特应性的治疗方面。

Canine atopic dermatitis is defined as a hereditary, IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to environmental allergens. Whereas, the therapy and management of human atopic dermatitis is sometimes thought to be difficult as well as dogs. We have investigated if canine atopy could be a clinical model in view of environmental, clinical and immunological aspect. Firstly, background data from 2,164 dog patients with atopic dermatitis were collected by a questionnaire study. Dog breeds predisposing atopic dermatitis in Japan included Shiba-inu, Shi-tzu, Golden retriever and West Highland white terrier. Major allergens in Japanese atopic dermatitis included house dust mites, Japanese cedar and weed pollen. It is conceivable that canine atopic dermatitis affects mainly from indoor environment rather than outdoor environment. Th2 cytokine production (interleukin 10 and 4) from peripheral lymphocytes of atopic dermatitis was not altered, however, Th1 cytokine (gamma interferon) was reduced in atopic patients as well as human and mice. These results might lead the conclusion that canine atopic dermatitis may be a good model for the assessment of a therapeutic aspect of human atopy.