インド農村の労働市場の構造変化に関する研究

印度农村劳动力市场结构变化研究

• 批准号: 11113207
• 负责人: 宇佐美 好文
• 金额: $ 0.64万
• 依托单位: Osaka Prefecture University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (A)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11113207/
• 关键词: 土地保有; 逆小作; 非農業就業; 農業労働賃金; 人口圧; インド

(1)インド農村部の就業構造変化の基底をなす農業構造変化を,インドの全国標本調査(NSS)の上地保有調査結果を用いて,土地所有・土地保有の零細化,家畜飼養の変化と農業の機械化および借地市場の変容の5点から検討し,「緑の革命」と半乾燥地帯の油糧作物増産が人口圧の影響を緩和する一方で,畜産の構造変化と農業の機械化が農業の雇用吸収を減退させていること,借地市場が狹隘化するなかで,大規模借地農が出現しつつあることを明らかにした.(2)第50次雇用失業調査個票データ(約36万人)を用いて,農村部における農家世帯の自家農業従事と農業労働あるいは非農業就業の「多就業」の実態と,非農業雇用の実態を明らかにした.農村部における非農業就業はカースト伝統職・小規模な市販余剰を村の定期市で販売する零細商人から,教員・公務員や医者など専門職にわたる非常に広範な活動である.所得水準も大きな格差をはらんでいる.非農業就業を画一的に捉えることは出来ない.世代間の職業移動・教育水準から,農業労働者がアクセスできる農外雇用機会は建設労務や雑業に限られている.非農業自営は残さ部門仮説が当てはまるようである.これらの知見は特定領域研究「南アジアの変動」第1班研究会(2000年1月)において報告した.なお,同データを用いた農村女性の労働参加の分析については,モデルを構築中である.(3)1973〜95年のインド農業労働賃金(AWI)の男子農業労働賃金および大工賃金の県別・月別データの入力は完了した.これは全国300地点の膨大な賃金データである.データ欠損が多いのでその補正を行い,共和分分析などの手法を用いて市場統合の分析を行っている.農業労働賃金,農業労働者消費者物価指数および農村小売価格は,データ欠損の補正・整理後,研究代表者のホームページで公表する.

(1) in the rural areas, the basic agricultural production units, the national standard documents (NSS), the retainable results, the zero ownership of all land, the mechanization of livestock production, the mechanization of agricultural machinery, and the borrowing of five-point housing in the local market. During the "farming Revolution", oil crops were sold in semi-dry areas, and the population was divided into two parts: livestock, mechanized, employed, refunded, refunded, refunded and refunded by local cities and cities. Large-scale land-borrowed agriculture shows that the employment of unemployed workers for the 50th time (about 360000 people) shows that they are employed for the 50th time, and that in rural areas, there are household agricultural employment, non-agricultural employment, non-agricultural employment and non-agricultural employment. The Ministry of Agriculture is not responsible for the small-scale non-agricultural employment system. In the remaining rural areas, there are regular market subsidies for merchants, and teachers, staff, and doctors do not pay for their activities. The level obtained is very high, and the difference is very high. The number of people who are not employed in the field of employment will come out of the market. The level of vocational education has been improved from generation to generation, and the agricultural workers will set up an employment machine for non-rural employment. The non-agricultural self-employed remnant departments shall be responsible for the operation of non-agricultural enterprises. Students are informed of the first class of the "South Africa training campaign" in specific fields (January 2000), and the report will be reviewed. In the same period, women from rural areas participated in the analysis, and women from rural areas participated in the analysis. (3) during the period from 1973 to 1995, the income of men and women from rural to rural areas (AWI) and men from rural areas to rural areas, and those from rural areas to rural areas, and those from rural areas to rural areas. There are 300 locations all over the country. If there is a lack of information, please do the right thing, and the Republican analysis method will be used to analyze the market system. The property index of the agricultural income group is higher than that of the agricultural income group, and that of the agricultural income group is higher than that of the agricultural income group. After the survey is being sorted out, the representative of the research is required to make a public statement.

项目成果

宇佐美好文: "インドの農業発展と農業構造変化"同志社商学. 51巻4号. 142-169 (2000)

宇佐见义文：“印度的农业发展和农业结构变化”，同志社商业，第 51 卷，第 4 期，142-169（2000 年）。