Ecological system and supportmg resources in child care

本研究共进行了四项研究：(1)对宫城县T镇儿童保育支持资源(儿童发展咨询处、育儿会议小组、休闲义工活动、游乐场、托儿所)的认知与利用进行了调查。认识到所有的资源，但找出了资源利用的差异。儿童资源获取困难是问题。(2)儿童保育信念和行为调查。对育儿的正面态度普遍被认可，但对母亲的负面育儿行为进行了调查。对儿童保育的积极态度是普遍认可的，但随着儿童年龄的增长，儿童保育中的消极行为也会增加。研究发现，随着孩子年龄的增长，母亲中的两面性冲突会加剧。(3)职业母亲的育儿压力研究了育儿压力、社会支持和工作家庭冲突之间的关系。结果如下。工作影响母亲的子女养育压力，社会支持对缓解子女养育压力有效。(4)考察了父母角色和性别之间的关系。以下是公认的。父亲角色和母亲角色都与性别有关。一些父母认为，在养育孩子方面，父亲角色和母亲角色一般是平等的。

Four researches are carried out.(1) Investigation of supporting resources in child careRecognition and utilization of suporting resources in child care (consultation office in child development, meeting group in child rearing, recreational and volunteer activities, playground, and day nursery) are investigated in 'T' town, in Miyagi prefecture. All of resources are recognized, but differences in utilization of resources are found out. Difficulties in aproach to dese resources are problem.(2) Investigaiton of belief and behavior of child care investigated. Positive attitude to child care are generally recognized, but negative behavior of child care in mother are investigated. Positive attitude to child care are generally recognized, but negative behaviors in child care increase as child's age increases. It is found out that anbivalent conflicts in mother are strengthen as child's age increases.(3) Stress in child rearing of working mothersInterrelations among stress in child rearing, social support and work-family conflict are examined. Result as follows. Working influences mother's child rearing stress, and social supports are effective in easing of child-rearing stress.(4) Parent role and genderRelations in parent role and gender are examined. Followings are recognized. Father-role and mother-role are related to gender. Some parents percieve father-role and mother-role in child rearing are generally equal.