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Development of a Program of Transfening Inteipeisonal Optimism for Mothers

为母亲制定一个转移国际乐观主义计划

基本信息

批准号：
11610155
负责人：
SAWAMIYA Yoko
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
Ashikaga Junior College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610155/
关键词：
optimism attributional style learned helplessness pessimism preschool children mother social skills social skills training optimism learned helplessness attributional style depression pessimism preschool child social skills tra

项目摘要

"Optimism," a concept taken up in the present study, is an inevitable product in the history of studying learned helplessness, and was defined by Seligman. We have repeatedly and continuously conducted research related to the subject of "optimism." The purpose of the present study, which was conducted as part of these research efforts, was to develop "a program of transferring interpersonal optimism" (referred to here as the "program") for mothers, based on the view that a mother's optimism is significant in improving the interpersonal behavior of preschool children. The study consisted of the following three pillars.1. To create a base for development of the program, we studied the functional differences between attributional styles in response to positive events and in response to negative events. We further evaluated positive and negative events, and studied the relationship between optimism and the self-evaluation of personality traits.2. We compared the effects of the developed program with the effects obtained when a program of social skills training was conducted with preschool children. As target skills for this comparative study, we selected the social skills that preschool children need to play with other children.3. Finally, we implemented the program after thoroughly reviewing the details.The initial results of our study clearly indicated that the program had a certain effect with respect to the transfer of the mother's interpersonal optimism. A more detailed measurement of the effects of the program in comparison to that of a program of social skills training, as well as further examination of the details of the program, remain as subjects for future investigation.

“乐观主义”是本研究中采用的一个概念，是研究习得性无助历史上的必然产物，并由塞利格曼定义。我们反复地、持续地进行与“乐观”主题相关的研究。作为这些研究工作的一部分，本研究的目的是为母亲开发一个传递人际乐观的计划(在这里称为“计划”)，基于母亲的乐观对改善学龄前儿童的人际行为具有重要意义的观点。这项研究包括以下三个柱子1。为了为该项目的开发奠定基础，我们研究了积极事件反应和消极事件反应的归因风格的功能差异。进一步对积极事件和消极事件进行评价，研究乐观情绪与人格特质自我评价之间的关系。我们将开发的程序的效果与对学龄前儿童进行社交技能训练的程序的效果进行了比较。作为本次对比研究的目标技能，我们选取了学龄前儿童与其他儿童玩耍所需要的社交技能。研究的初步结果表明，该方案对母亲人际乐观情绪的迁移有一定的效果。与社交技能培训方案相比，更详细地衡量该方案的效果，以及进一步审查该方案的细节，仍是未来调查的主题。