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A Folkloristic Study of Inlandwater Fishery in Rice Cultivation- A Proposition on the Paddy Field Fishery -

水稻种植中内陆水域渔业的民俗学研究——对稻田渔业的主张——

基本信息

批准号：
11610321
负责人：
YASUMURO Satoru
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
National Museum of Japanese History (2002)Kumamoto University (1999-2001)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In the discussion of the paddy field fishery, its major sphere is the water system for rice paddy field. The inland water fishery has so far been divided into two groups, the lacustrine and the river fisheries. However, the water system for the rice field has great significance as the third sphere. This system designates the man-made hydrosphere, devised, controlled and maintained for rice crop : its characteristics are, unlike the natural hydrosphere, the water conditions such as currents, quantity and temperature of water, vary greatly annually according to the activities of rice-cultivation. The paddy field fishery is done with the fishing gear such as fish pots and traps, taking full advantage of the change of the water conditions as the result of the various activities of rice agriculture. The targets of this fishery are freshwater fish for example the loach (dojo), the crucian (funa) and the carp, which are highly adapted life styles to the paddy field.The paddy field fishery has so far been classified technologically in miscellaneous fisheries, and has been considered as unimportant fishing activities by farmers ; however, the practical base of this fishery is far wider spread than the fishery by fishermen. Moreover, the paddy field fishery is an issue concerning not only with Japan but also with all the paddy field rice cultivating regions in Southeast Asia. Observing historically, too, fundamental relation is indicated betwfeen rice harvesting culture and the fishery.

在讨论稻田渔业时，其主要范围是稻田水系。迄今为止，内陆水域渔业分为两大类：湖泊渔业和河流渔业。然而，稻田水系作为第三领域具有重要意义。该系统是指为水稻作物设计、控制和维护的人造水圈：其特点是，与自然水圈不同，水流、水量和温度等水条件每年根据水稻种植活动而变化很大。稻田渔业是利用鱼笼、鱼笼等渔具，充分利用稻作农业各种活动引起的水体条件的变化来进行的。该渔业的目标是淡水鱼，例如泥鳅、鲫鱼和鲤鱼，它们是高度适应稻田的生活方式。稻田渔业迄今为止在技术上被归类为杂项渔业，并被农民认为是不重要的捕捞活动；然而，这种渔业的实际基础比渔民的渔业广泛得多。而且，水田渔业不仅是日本的问题，也是东南亚所有水田稻区的问题。从历史上观察，稻作文化与渔业之间也显示出根本的联系。