The basic research of the ancient glass production in East Asia

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This research aims at the comprehensive elucidation about the ancient glass production in East Asia. It took three years to research into the materials, making tools and products. At the first year, shell-shaped glass melting pots and molds for small beads, which are necessary to make glass and glass beads were dated At the next year, excavated glass objects, and lead glass glazed pottery related to glass production at the last year.As a result, in Ancient East Asia especially Japan and Korea, shell-shaped glass melting pots were used in 6th to 8^<th> B.C. These were excavated from 20sites in Japan, 3sites in Korea. Each of them were used for makinglead glass, and Korean ones are older. In Korea, such materials were found in not only Paekche area, but also Silla area. Molds for small beads were excavated from 20sites in Japan which are dated from the previous Ko fun period (4^<th> B.C.) to Nara period (8^<th> B.C.), and frpm Ssites in Korea. Korean ones are older and there is possibili … More ty that some molds excavated in Japan were brought from Korea.By making comparison between Korea and Japan, the followings become clear. (1) Except for glass vessel found from the burial mound of Silla, glass products are basically beads. (2) The types of glass had changed with the times, lead barium glass(lead glass), potash glass, soda lime glass, high-lead glass, both in Korea and Japan. These changes in both country are very similar. (3) As to lead glass glazed pottery in Korea and Japan are also in common. At first, lead glass was used for making objects such as roof-tiles, and after that, applied to vessels.It is clear that, the shapes of glass melting pots and molds for small beads, the change of glass type, the appearance of lead glass glazed pottery are very similar in Korea and Japan. Therefore, it is supposed that ancient glass making technique in Japan was directly imported from Korea in the last of 6^<th>B.C.-7^<th>B.C. But that technique might have originated in China. For the purpose of understanding the ancient glass production in East Asia, glass products, glass-making tools and lead-glass glazed pottery excavated in China should be studied. Less