Desire and Asceticism in the Ancient Mediterranean World

古代地中海世界的欲望与禁欲主义

• 批准号: 11610572
• 负责人: ONUKI Takashi
• 金额: $ 2.75万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610572/
• 关键词: sexual ethics; asceticim; conjugal love; the internal world; continence; Encratism; Gnosticism; early monasticism; ギリシア神話; ローマ帝政期; 見世物; 死体; 性; 死; 生; 黄金時代; 性愛; 心性; 禁欲; 正統主義; グノ-シス主義

This year, we have exchanged the information of each researcher and also critically examined the information presented in a symposium, which was held at the end of the last term with lectures from other universities. Based on this information, we have prepared to make a report of the research results.Mr. Tomohiro Mizutani was a research collaborator as he was last year and did not actively participate in the research project. Mr. Ryoji Motomura, a member of the research project, dealt with the transition of the sexual ethics in the Roman society in the first Academic year. Then he studied, last year, the concept of life and death in the spectacle of gladiators. This year, he verified the historical transformation of a desire for possession in terms of the superior horses.Mr. Takashi Onuki, another researcher, carried out research on asceticism - Christian and non-Christian - of the Mediterranean world of late Antiquity. He classified it into three groups : the Gnosticism which, in his … More view, looks for "the destruction of the world", Encratism, which can be typically found in Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles, and early monasticism which reached its acme in the 4th century. Depending on the historical sources, he clarified the process of internal motivations of each group and named it "the theology of asceticism". This research led to the sexual ethics encouraged by the contemporary Orthodox Church which, being aware of the aforementioned three groups, urged "the married life with continence", a feasible abstinence in the ordinary life of each society.This last argument coincides with the research made by Mr. Motomura. He argues that the notion of marriage transferred from the legal procedure to the practical married life in the later Roman society. The sexual relationship was gradually limited to a married couple and "the internal world" including the concept of "conjugal love" was highly regarded in the new tendency. Accordingly, "sexuality" came to be regarded as "impurity". The two researchers conclude that the spread of Christianity was based on this sexual mentality of the people in the Mediterranean world of late Antiquity. It is on this point that the remarkable results of the research should be appreciated. Less

今年，我们交换了每个研究人员的信息，并对上学期末与其他大学的讲座举行的研讨会上提出的信息进行了批判性的审查。根据这些信息，我们已经准备了一份研究结果的报告。与去年一样，水谷智弘是一名研究合作者，并没有积极参与该研究项目。该研究项目的成员本村良司先生在第一学年论述了罗马社会性伦理的转变。去年，他研究了角斗士的生死观。今年，他用上乘的马匹验证了占有欲望的历史转变。另一位研究员Takashi Onuki对古代晚期地中海世界的禁欲主义--基督徒和非基督徒--进行了研究。他将其分为三类：诺斯替派，在他的《…》中更多的观点，寻找“世界的毁灭”，Encrism，这可以典型地发现在伪经的使徒行为，以及早期的修道院，这达到了它在4世纪的顶峰。根据历史来源，他阐明了每个群体的内在动机的过程，并将其命名为“禁欲主义神学”。这项研究导致了当代东正教所鼓吹的性伦理，该教会意识到了上述三个群体，敦促“有节制的婚姻生活”，即在每个社会的日常生活中可行的禁欲。最后一个论点与本村先生的研究不谋而合。他认为，在后来的罗马社会，婚姻观念从法律程序转移到了实际的婚姻生活中。性关系逐渐局限于已婚夫妇，包括“夫妻之爱”概念在内的“内心世界”在新的趋势中受到高度重视。因此，“性行为”被认为是“不洁”。这两位研究人员得出的结论是，基督教的传播是建立在古代晚期地中海世界人的这种性心理基础上的。正是在这一点上，这项研究的显著成果应该得到赞赏。较少

项目成果

大貫隆: "ヴァレンティノス派の神話"吉田敦彦編、新書館. 44-45 (2000)

Takashi Onuki：“瓦伦丁尼安学派的神话”，吉田敦彦编辑，Shinshokan 44-45 (2000)。

大貫隆: "宇宙の超越と神"島薗進・高橋義人・村上陽一郎と共編、岩波書店. 13-20 (2000)

大贯隆：《宇宙中的超越与上帝》与岛园进、高桥义人、村上阳一郎合编，岩波书店 13-20 (2000)。

本村凌二: "モミリアーノ、尾形勇・樺山紘一・木畑洋一編『20世紀の歴史家たち(4)』"刀水書房. 253-265 (2001)

本村良二：《20世纪的历史学家（4）》，莫米利亚诺、绪方勇、蒲山浩一、木端阳一编，东水书房253-265（2001）。

Takashi Onuki: "The Ancient Tannoy system of Japan and Gnosticism - A World without Humanbeing and Humanbeing without the World"Kokubunngaku (Japanese Literature), Gakuto Publishing House. 44/11. 126-130 (1999)

大贯隆：《日本古代天朗体系与诺斯替主义——没有人类的世界和没有世界的人类》国分文学，学东出版社。

Takashi Onuki: "L'incarnation du Logos et l'erreur de la Sagesse - "Lumiere" et "Tenebres" dans l'Evangile de Jean et dans la gnose"Annuaire, Resume des conferences et travaux, Tome 108, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, section des Sciences religieuses,

大贯隆：《Lincarnation du Logos et lerreur de la Sagesse - "Lumiere" et "Tenebres" dans lEvangile de Jean et dans la gnose"Annuaire，Resume desconferences et travaux，Tome 108，Ecole Pratique des Hautes