The Production and Circulation of coins in the medieval Kyusyu and Okinawa

中世纪九州和冲绳的钱币生产和流通

• 批准号: 11630083
• 负责人: SAKURAKI Shinichi
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Shimonoseki City University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11630083/
• 关键词: large-sized coin; no-pattern coin [Mumom-sen]; medieval monetary system; numismatics; analytical chemistry; hoard; single-find; 地域流通圏; 模鋳銭; 金属組成分析; ICP-AES法; 九州鋳造銭; 組成分析

Collection of single-finds in the medieval 'Hakata' agreed generally with the composition of species of coins observed in hoards, however, it turned out through my research that large-sized coins and no-pattern coins [Mumon-sen] could characteristically be observed in the excavated single-finds. Recently, there has been an increasing finding of no-pattern coins in the urban areas other than South Kyushu and Okinawa, and this suggests the new possibility of wide circulation of these coins in the late medieval Kyushu. The findings from early modern 'Nagasaki' contains certain groups of coins, which are thought to be of inland product. Except the Kajiki-sen that was minted in Kagoshima, it is highly presumed that they are of local product.All the medieval coins circulated in Japan were of tie same formal value of Ichi- Mon. Our research focused how people recognized and valued privately-minted coins in such a medieval numismatic system from the medieval dwellers viewpoint and gave evaluat … More ion of the place of private coins in the currency circulation. After the latter half of the fourteenth century, people came to pay attention to the letters and characters minted on the coins. The archaeological proof also supports the theory.Lastly, our research have analysed a group of coins that are said to be minted in Kyushu and clarified the numismatic characters of these coins, and also gave analysis on the documentary historical materials on the coins. It is highly significant that new documentary source that states KouBu-Tuho had widely circulated in Satsuma was newly discovered in this research. In the area of analysis in material, my research has established the process of the shift. From the normal bronze coins, which are the mixture of three metals ; copper, tin and lead, gradually the ratio of tin has decreased and it became the amalgam of copper and lead. Then, finally pure copper coins came to be produced. So far as the mold is concerned, I could confirm a mold of KouBu-Tuho in Okinawa. Less

中世纪“博多”中的单件出土物的收藏与在宝藏中观察到的钱币种类组成大致一致，然而，通过我的研究发现，在出土的单件出土物中可以观察到大尺寸硬币和无图案钱币的特征。近年来，在南九州和冲绳以外的城市地区发现的无图案硬币越来越多，这表明这些硬币在中世纪晚期的九州广泛流通的新可能性。现代早期“长崎”的出土文物中包含某些组的硬币，这些硬币被认为是内陆产品。除了在鹿儿岛铸造的梶木钱外，人们高度推测它们是当地产品。在日本流通的所有中世纪硬币都具有与一门相同的形式价值。我们的研究重点是从中世纪居民的角度出发，人们如何在这样的中世纪钱币系统中认识和评价私人铸造的硬币，并对私人硬币在货币流通中的地位进行了评估。十四世纪下半叶以后，人们开始关注钱币上铸造的字母和文字。考古证据也支持了这一理论。最后，我们的研究对一组据称是九州铸造的钱币进行了分析，明确了这些钱币的钱币特征，并对有关钱币的文献史料进行了分析。本次研究中新发现了关于《KouBu-Tuho》在萨摩地区广为流传的新文献资料，具有非常重要的意义。在材料分析领域，我的研究已经建立了转变的过程。普通铜币是三种金属的混合物；铜、锡和铅，逐渐锡的比例减少，成为铜和铅的汞合金。后来，终于出现了纯铜币。就模具而言，我可以确认冲绳KouBu-Tuho的模具。较少的

项目成果

櫻木 晋一: "日之影町出土の備蓄銭"日之影町史. 11. 66-87 (2001)

樱木真一：“日影町出土的硬币”《日影町史》11. 66-87 (2001)。

中島圭一: "貨幣からみた『日本』"環. 6号. 106-115 (2001)

Keiichi Nakajima：“从货币角度看‘日本’” Tamaki No. 6. 106-115 (2001)。

Shinichi Sakuraki: "About the Excavated Copper Currencies from Hakata Ruins No.102"The Report on the Buried Cultural Relies of Fukuoka City. 706. 249-254 (2002)

樱木真一：《关于博多遗址第102号出土的铜币》福冈市埋藏文物报告书。