Digital angle reference by referring atomic array on crystalline surface

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An atomic array on crystalline surface is stable and uniform over wide area when the crystal is stress free. Therefore, the atomic array on crystalline surface is also thought to be a kind of angle-reference due to its 2-dimensional symmetry. Using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), it is possible to obtain an atomic image on crystalline surface in air. An ultra precision unit-angle- reference and digital angle scale by referring a crystalline array on a crystalline surface can be achieved by combining it and STM.With the research fund, we have constructed an ultra precision unit-angle-rotation stage by combining a crystalline array on crystalline surface as a reference and a STM as a detector. Graphite crystal is selected as a reference crystal, an angle between the two neighboring crystalline orientation on the graphite crystalline surface, which should be 60 degree, is chosen as reference unit-angle. Using the ultra precision unit-angle-rotation stage, the angle between the two neighboring crystalline orientation is compared with calibrated angle of polygon mirror.