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Study on the building system found in the reconstruction work from the disasters in the early modern city

近代早期城市灾后重建中的建筑体系研究

基本信息

批准号：
11650661
负责人：
HYUGA Susumu
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11650661/
关键词：
Machiya[town house]construction the reconstruction work from the disasters the early modern city Tanaka Kichitaro documents Mikami documents standard man-day 「工数日記帳」「大福工数帳」田中吉太郎文書三井家文書

项目摘要

This research concerns the construction of Machiya [town house] in the reconstruction after the great disasters. Principally based upon the collection of order forms called 『Chumon-cho』 (Tanaka documents), this research considers the various conditions and aspects of reconstruction works of Machiya [town houses] after the great fire of 1788(the Tenmei 8^<th>) in Kyoto. Tanaka documents, written by Ohmiya Kitibei who received many commands of town house between 1791-1792 (the Kansei 2^<nd>-3^<rd>), can be considered as one of the information about one condition after the great fire. The points clarified from this research are followings :1. Concerning the elements of architectural composition, the differences in the scale and the height of the various parts are not greatly noticeable. But the materials used are limited chiefly in the Japanese cedar and the pain, and the efficiencies of the cost per construction area and of number of carpenters per construction area (standard man-day) ar … More e reduced under the average of normal construction works. These reflect the special constructional circumstances just after the conflagration.2. As to the estimation and the addition of cost of construction, the standardization has already been achieved as the documents calculate them the unit using by the number of workmen or efficiency of cost per construction area. Concerning the cost, more detailed standards of cost were prepared corresponding to the quality of the construction. And the costs of partial works such as work of plaster, work of roofing, and cost of nails are also standardization as the rate of cost per area.3. While there is the case of Mikami house, which is Syoka[the merchant house] in the castle town of Miyazu in Tango and was reconstructed after catching fire in the nearly same period. It was built in earnest by adopting a fireproof structure. This case verifies clearly the existence of a totally different condition of the reconstruction as temporary construction, employing many workers from not only the castle town but also the out of there ; the latter were the workmen who weren't regular employees. Less

本研究是关于灾后重建中町屋的建造。本研究主要以田中文献（Chumon-cho）的订单收集为基础，考虑了1788年京都天美大火（Tenmei 8^< the >）后町屋（町屋）重建工程的各个条件和方面。田中文件是在1791-1792年间（Kansei 2^< and >-3^<rd>）多次接到城屋命令的大宫基提贝所写的，可以被认为是大火后一种情况的信息之一。本研究得出以下几点结论：1。在建筑构成的要素上，各个部分的尺度和高度的差异并不明显。但是使用的材料主要局限于日本雪松和杉木，每建筑面积的成本和每建筑面积的木匠数量（标准人日）的效率比正常建筑工程的平均水平要低得多。这些反映了火灾后的特殊建筑环境。在工程造价的估算和加成方面，已有文献以工人人数为单位或以建筑面积成本效率为单位进行计算，实现了标准化。在造价方面，针对工程质量制定了较为详细的造价标准。部分工程如抹灰工程、屋面工程、钉钉工程的费用也按面积成本率标准化。还有Mikami house的例子，它是《探戈》中宫崎城城堡里的商人住宅Syoka，几乎在同一时期发生火灾后被重建。它是认真建造的，采用了防火结构。这个案例清楚地证实了一个完全不同的重建条件的存在，作为临时建筑，不仅雇佣了许多来自城堡镇的工人，也雇佣了许多来自外面的工人；后者是那些不是正式雇员的工人。少