Studies on the Characteristics of Differentiation and Degeneration of Spikelets and Grain-filling in High-yielding Rice Cultivars with Large Panicles

大穗水稻高产品种小穗分化退化及灌浆特性研究

• 批准号: 11660018
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Yoshinori
• 金额: $ 2.43万
• 依托单位: Kochi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11660018/
• 关键词: Degenerated spikelet; Differentiated spikelet; Environmental factors; Grain filling; Large panicle cultivar; Rice; Sink capacity; Surviving spikelet; 溢泌液; 穎花; 国際研究者交流; 遮光; ジベレリー; 品種; 乾物重; 窒素吸収量; 頴花分化; 頴花退化; 窒素追肥; リン酸追肥

This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of the differentiation and degeneration of spikelets and the grain-filling in high-yielding rice cultivars with large panicles (LP-HYC) bred in China, Korea, the Philippines and other countries in recent years. The results were summarized as follows ;1. The number of differentiated and degenerated spikelets, and the percentage of degenerated spikelets varied considerably among LP-HYCs, but the number of degenerated spikelets was much larger in the differentiated spikelets on the secondary rachis-branch (SB) than those on the primary rachis-branch of panicle (PB). The major part of degenerated spikelets on SB was derived from the degenerated SBs on the surviving PB.2. Nitrogen top-dressing at tillering stage to LP-HYCs increased the number of differentiated spikelets per panicle as well as the panicle number, but greater increase in the percentage of degenerated spikelets at the same time decreased the number of surviving spikelets.3. Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium application at 40-20days before heading increased the number of surviving spikelets due to the increase in differentiation and the decrease in degeneration of spikelets in LP-HYCs. The heavy shading and high-day and/or night temperature during 15 days before heading increased the percentage of degenerated spikelets. The percentage of degenerated spikelets decreased with the increase of shoot dry weight per stem (SDW) and SDW per differentiated spikelets at heading.4. Contribution ratio of the stored carbohydrate in the culm and leaf sheath at heading and the assimilated carbohydrate after heading to the grain-filling varied so much among cultivars belonging to LP-HYC and by the cultivated conditions.

进行了这项研究是为了阐明尖峰的分化和变性的特征，以及近年来在中国，韩国，韩国，菲律宾和其他国家繁殖的高产大米品种中的谷物填充（LP-HYC）。结果总结如下; 1。在LP-HYC中，分化和退化的Spikelet的数量以及退化的尖峰的百分比差异很大，但是在二级Rachis-Branch（SB）的差异尖峰中，退化的尖峰数的数量要大得多。 SB上退化的Spikelets的主要部分来自幸存的PB.2上的退化SB。在分till阶段到LP-HYC的氮在丁字土上增加了每个圆锥花序的分化小尖峰的数量，但同时减少了退化的Spikelets的百分比增加，减少了幸存的小腿的数量。3。氮，磷和钾在40天之前的施用前，由于分化的增加和LP-HYC中的Spikelets退化，因此增加了幸存的尖峰数量。在15天之前，繁重的阴影以及高天和/或夜间温度增加了退化的尖峰的百分比。退化的小尖峰的百分比随着标题时的每个茎的芽干重（SDW）和SDW的增加而降低。4。在标题和同化碳水化合物的谷物填充物和植物条件下的植物填充物和植物条件下的含量差异很大。

项目成果

Yao Youli: "Macro-element absorption at maturity in relation to grain yield in high-yielding rice cultivars"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 46・4. 815-824 (2000)

姚友利：“高产水稻品种成熟期大量元素吸收与籽粒产量的关系”，土壤科学与植物营养，815-824。

姚 友礼: "中国産多収性水稲品種の穎花分化および退化に及ぼす窒素追肥の影響"日本作物学会四国支部紀事. 36. 78-79 (1999)

Yurei Yao：“施氮肥对中国高产水稻品种小穗分化和退化的影响”日本作物学会四国分会杂志 36. 78-79 (1999)。

Yao Youli: "Response of differentiated and regenerated spikelets to top-dressing, shading and day/night temperature treatments in rice cultivars with large panicle"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 46. 631-641 (2000)

姚友利：“大穗水稻品种分化再生小穗对追肥、遮荫和昼夜温度处理的响应”土壤科学与植物营养。

Yao Youli: "Role of nitrogen regulation in sink and source formation of high-yielding rice cultivars"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 46・4. 825-834 (2000)

姚友利：“氮调节在高产水稻品种库源形成中的作用”，土壤科学与植物营养，825-834。

Tahmid Hossain Ansari: "Charactertics of spikelet differentiation and degeneration among rice cultivars belongs to different eco-species of rice"Abst. Ann. Meeting, Japan. Soc. Soil Sci. and Plant Nutri.. 47. 110 (2001)

Tahmid Hossain Ansari：“不同生态水稻品种的小穗分化和退化特征”摘要。