Study on inheritance of huge root in radish 'Sakurajima Daikon'

萝卜‘樱岛萝卜’巨根遗传研究

• 批准号: 11660034
• 负责人: ETOH Takeomi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11660034/
• 关键词: Sakurajima Daikon; Inheritance of Hugeness; Inbreeding Depression; ダイコン

'Sakurajima Daikon' is the biggest radish in the world. It is maintained only by 11 local farmers around Mt. Sakurajima, Kagoshima. Each of them maintains this cultivar in his small field, producing his own seeds. The gene pool of this cultivar is considered to be very small. On the other hand, radish has strong inbreeding depression which produces very small, feeble plants only by 3 successive selfings. The purpose of this research was to clarify the mechanism of hugeness maintaining in this cultivar which has only a small gene pool.Each farmer has his own growing and seeding method. They select "Female(F)" , "Male(M)" and their intermediate type from their population, and these plants are open-pollinated for seeding. The seeds collected from F and the intermediate type were used and planted here, and the "sex" type of the seedlings were judged for pollination later. In 1999 and 2000 they were self- and cross-pollinated, and then the plants were harvested in the following years.In the first generation, selfed population showed lower yield than the controlof the farmer's original population, while crossed population showed higher yield. However, in the second generation, the selfed population of F type reduced the yield to a half, and that of M type did not reduce the yield, while crossed one of the both increased it.Selfed populations of both F and M type produced a variation of "sex type".'Sakurajima Daikon' is considered to be a heterogeneous population, and M type might be a factor of vigor in the population. DNA markers related to the "sex" type will be searched to clarify the machanism of hughness maintaining.

樱岛萝卜是世界上最大的萝卜。它只由山上附近的11名当地农民维护。樱岛，鹿儿岛。他们每个人都在自己的小田里种植这种品种，生产自己的种子。这个品种的基因库被认为是非常小的。另一方面，萝卜有很强的近亲繁殖抑制，只有连续3次自交才能产生非常小、很弱的植株。本研究旨在阐明该品种体型庞大的维持机制，该品种只有一个较小的基因库。每个农民都有自己的种植和播种方法。他们从群体中选择“雌性(F)”、“雄性(M)”和它们的中间型，这些植株是开放授粉的，用于播种。从F代和中间型采集的种子在这里种植，并对幼苗的“性别”类型进行判断，以便稍后授粉。1999年和2000年进行了自交和异花授粉，次年收获，第一代自交群体产量低于对照群体，杂交群体产量较高。在第2代，F型自交群体产量减半，M型群体不减产，两者杂交均提高产量，F、M型自交群体均产生“性型”变异，‘樱岛大棚’为异质性群体，M型可能是群体活力的一个因子。将寻找与“性别”类型相关的DNA标记，以阐明粗糙度维持的机制。