Analysis on adaptability of old Cryptomeria japonica tree for water stress using experimental methods

柳杉老树对水分胁迫的适应性实验分析

• 批准号: 11660141
• 负责人: TANGE Takeshi
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11660141/
• 关键词: Cryptomeria japonica; aging; water stress; Elasticity; pressure volume curve method; photosynthesis; stomatal limitation; C02 fixation capacity; 高齢木; P-V曲線法; 接ぎ木; 水ポテンシャル; 膨圧; 細胞外水量; 体積細胞弾性係数; スギ高齢木; 水分特性

Position of canopy becomes higher with tree growth. Although tall trees have advantages for light competition, water stress becomes influencing factor for photosynthesis because sap flow resistance in tree body becomes large. In the present study, we tried to prove that increasing the tree height of Cryptomeria japonica result in depression of photosynthesis by experimental method. We also studied on adaptive response in water-relations of needles for increasing water stress in midday. By comparison between the newly developed needles from the scions grafted from tall trees to small seedlings and the needles of the tall tree, we could prove that the photosynthetic activity of the tall trees was depressed by water stress, which resulted in stomatal closure and depression of Rubisco activity. For the adaptive response of needles for water deficit in midday, we found that in situ needles tended to maintain higher water potential than those expected from the Pressure-Volume curve. This adaptive response was resulted from osmotic adjustment and decrease in elasticity of cell wall. This adaptive response was more obvious on the needles of tall trees than ones of small seedlings. This adaptability on water relations may be regarded as one of the reasons why aged Crypyomeria japonica can keep high productivity and grow up to very tall trees more than 50 m.

冠层位置随树体生长而升高。虽然高大树木具有光竞争的优势，但水分胁迫使树体内液流阻力增大，成为影响光合作用的因素。本研究试图通过实验方法证明柳杉树高的增加会导致光合作用的抑制。研究了针叶水分关系对午间水分胁迫的适应性反应。通过对嫁接苗新长出的针叶与大树针叶的比较，证明水分胁迫抑制了大树的光合活性，导致气孔关闭，Rubisco活性降低。对于针叶在中午水分亏缺的适应性反应，我们发现，在原位针叶往往保持较高的水势比那些预期的压力-体积曲线。这种适应性反应是渗透调节和细胞壁弹性降低的结果。这种适应性反应在高大树木的针叶上比在小树苗的针叶上更明显。这种对水分关系的适应性可能是日本柳杉老株能保持较高生产力并能长成50 m以上的大树的原因之一。

项目成果

KODAIRA, J., SUZUKI, M. , TANGE, T.: "Diurnal change in relationship between water contents and water potential of needles of tall Cryptomeria japonica trees"Proc. 113rd meet. Jpn. For. Soc.. (in press). (2002)

小平，J.，铃木，M.，丹下，T.：“高柳杉针叶含水量和水势之间关系的日变化”Proc。

小平純, 鈴木誠, 丹下健: "スギ高樹高木における含水率-水ポテンシャル関係の日変化"日本林学会大会講演要旨集. 113(印刷中). (2002)

Jun Kodaira、Makoto Suzuki、Ken Tange：“高大日本雪松树含水量与水势关系的日变化”日本林业学会会议记录 113（出版中）。

松崎潤, 測定真利子, 小平純, 鈴木誠, 丹下健: "スギ高木に接いだ葉の光合成"日本林学会大会講演要旨集. 113(印刷中). (2002)

Jun Matsuzaki、Mariko Keiji、Jun Kodaira、Makoto Suzuki、Ken Tange：“日本雪松树上叶子的光合作用”日本林业学会会议记录 113（出版中）。

MATSUZAKI, J., NORISADA, M. , KODAIRA, J. , SUZUKI, M., TANGE, T./: "Photosynthesis of needles grafted to tall Cryptomeria japonica trees"Proc. 113rd meet. Jpn. For. Soc.. (in press). (2002)

松崎，J.，诺里萨达，M.，小平，J.，铃木，M.，丹下，T./：“嫁接到高柳杉树上的针叶的光合作用”Proc。

小平純, 鈴木誠, 益守眞也, 丹下健: "スギ高樹高木の針葉の水分特性値の日変化"日本林学会大会講演要旨集. 112. 100 (2001)

Jun Kodaira、Makoto Suzuki、Shinya Masumori、Ken Tange：“高大日本雪松针叶水分特征值的日变化”日本林业学会会议记录 112. 100 (2001)。