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A Study on the Cordinating System of Food and Agricultural Problems in Contemporary East Asian Countries

当代东亚国家粮食与农业问题协调体系研究

基本信息

批准号：
11660211
负责人：
KUDO Akihiko
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11660211/
关键词：
Economic Crisis of East Asia Economic Development Land Regulation Agricultural Trade Foreign Direct Investment Labor-intensive Industry Export-led Industrialization Environment Problem of Agriculture NIES ASEAN 中国食糧需給経済成長ベトナム

项目摘要

This Study examines the emerging problems and policy of agriculture, including environmental aspects, in contemporary East Asian countries, since their rapid economic growth in early 90' was likely to be very much influential on agriculture.In each country in the region, agricultural problems, which stem from its relative weakness in economy, have been made up for by economic growth in non-agricultural sector, as seen in their export-oriented industrialization. However, such a development strategy was not only just failed in solving impoverishment of peasants but also made the situation even serious after monetary crisis in 1997.Rapid urbanization in Korea causes agro-environmental problems by weakening the producing power of agriculture, so that income compensation for the agricultural land maintenance was applied to promote the environment-friendly agriculture.In China agricultural problems turn out to be income gaps between agriculture and industry as well as disparity among regions because expansion of non-agricultural sector was not enough to absorb the extreme abundant population in rural area.Vietnamese case shows that its reaction to the expansion of export opportunity in agricultural is likely to bring about income gaps among farmers since some can approach the chance but the others not. Those changes have been caused from its exsport enhancement policy combined with foreign investment opportunity.Those new types of agricultural problems above, of course, differ according to the countries, but all are commonly caused by overpopulation and environment aggravation, which did not exist before. Counter measures were taken, but its success or limits are not shown yet.

这项研究考察了当代东亚国家正在出现的农业问题和农业政策，包括环境方面的问题，因为它们在90年代初的快速经济增长可能对农业产生很大影响。在该地区每个国家，由于经济相对疲软而产生的农业问题，已经被非农业部门的经济增长所弥补，这体现在它们的出口导向型工业化上。然而，这种发展战略不仅没有解决农民的贫困问题，而且在1997年货币危机之后，情况变得更加严重。韩国的快速城市化削弱了农业生产力，从而造成了农业环境问题。在中国的案例中，由于非农产业的扩张不足以吸纳农村地区极其丰富的人口，农业问题最终表现为农工收入差距和地区差距。越南案例表明，其对农业出口机会扩大的反应可能会导致农民之间的收入差距，因为有些人可以抓住机会，另一些人则不能。这些变化是由中国的出口促进政策与外商投资机会相结合造成的。上述新的农业问题当然因国而异，但都是由人口过剩和环境恶化共同造成的，这是以前不存在的。采取了反制措施，但其成功或局限性尚未显现。