Thermoelectrically tempered motorised spindle for high-precision machine tools

高精度机床用热电回火电主轴

• 批准号: 529738427
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Eckart Uhlmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Werkzeugmaschinen und Fertigungstechnik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants (Transfer Project)
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/529738427?language=en
• 关键词: Thermoelectrically; tempered; motorised; spindle; precision

In the field of high-precision (HP) and ultra-precision (UP) machining, high demands are placed on the dimensional accuracy of the components down to the submicrometer range. An important field of application for such high-precision components is medical technology, the aerospace industry and toolmaking. The thermal behavior of the motorised spindles used for HP and UP machining in machine tools plays a crucial role in achieving the required working accuracy. Up to 75 % of geometrical errors are caused by thermally induced displacements of the tool center point. As a result of electrical and mechanical power losses of the motor and the bearings, heat flows are induced, for example, into the shaft and the housing of the spindles. These lead to increasing temperatures and consequently to thermally induced deformation of the corresponding components. Variations in the induced heat flow are unavoidable, e.g. due to the change of tool or workpiece as well as adjustments to the rotational speed. In order to maintain the required tolerances in the area of HP and UP machining, this leads to long warm-up periods of the machine tools until a thermal steady state is reached. The use of Peltier technology for temperature control is intended to increase the thermal stability of a motorized spindle and reduce its warm-up period compared to the state of the art. For this purpose, a novel thermoelectric cooling system based on tubular Peltier modules is to be developed and integrated between the heat sources and sinks of a motorized milling spindle. This will enable a controlled removal of heat from the bearings and the motor of the spindle.

在高精密（HP）和超精密（UP）加工领域，对零件的尺寸精度要求很高，可达亚微米级。这种高精度组件的一个重要应用领域是医疗技术、航空航天工业和工具制造。机床中用于HP和UP加工的电主轴的热行为在实现所需的工作精度方面起着至关重要的作用。高达75%的几何误差是由刀具中心点的热致位移引起的。由于电动机和轴承的电功率和机械功率损耗，热流被引入例如主轴的轴和壳体中。这些导致温度升高，并因此导致相应部件的热致变形。感应热流的变化是不可避免的，例如，由于工具或工件的变化以及对旋转速度的调整。为了保持HP和UP加工区域所需的公差，这导致机床在达到热稳定状态之前需要较长的预热时间。使用Peltier技术进行温度控制的目的是增加电主轴的热稳定性，并减少其预热期相比，最先进的。为此，一种新型的热电冷却系统的基础上管状Peltier模块的开发和集成之间的热源和散热器的电铣削主轴。这将使热量从主轴的轴承和电机的控制去除。