Effect of oral contraception drug on heterosexual transmission with murin retrovirus model

小鼠性周期分为动情期、动情期、间情期和动情期4个阶段，每隔4~5天。取小鼠阴道，用200μL PBS冲洗阴道腔。通过阴道涂片和小鼠艾滋病病毒(MAIDS)病毒载量来判断性期，并用ELISA法测定标本中趋化因子的含量。用雌激素来控制性周期，XC空斑试验显示发情期的病毒载量是其他性周期的10倍。这一现象表明存在吸引人的病毒机制。我们尝试用RT-PCR来检测一些因素。MIP-1α在动情期检测到，用ELISA法测定，动情期α水平在性周期中最高。巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1α可通过血管吸引巨噬细胞和部分淋巴细胞。动情后期病毒载量高的原因可能与MIP1α水平有关。必须用抗MIP1α抗体进行抑制试验才能证实这一现象。有趣的是，在发情期，MAIMS小鼠的MIP-1α水平高于未感染的小鼠。反转录病毒的异性感染中，发情期被认为是非常危险的。如果一些药物具有保持发情期更长的作用，它们可能会通过异性接触帮助逆转录病毒感染的传播。

Mice sexual cycles consist of 4 phases, estrus, met estrus, diestrus, and proestrus at every 4 or 5 days. We took the materials from mice by washing vaginal cavity with 200 μl PBS. The sexual phase was judged by the vaginal smear and the virus load of murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus (MAIDS) and the content of chemokines in samples was measured by ELISA. The mice were treated with estrogen to control sexual cycles.The viral load of metestrus period is shown ten times higher than that of other murine sexual cycles with XC plaque assay. This phenomenon shows the presence of attractive mechanisms for virus. We tried to detect some factors with RT-PCR. MIP-1α is detected in metestrus period and the measurements with ELISA show MIP-1α level in metestrus period is the highest among the sexual cycles. MIP-1α can attract macrophages and some lymphocytes through blood vessels. The reason for high virus load in metestrus may be dependent to MIP-1α level. The inhibition test with anti MIP-1α antibody is necessary to confirm t his phenomenon. Interestingly, MIP-1α levels of MAIDS mice is higher than those of uninfected mice in metestrus period. The metestrus period is speculated to be very dangerous in heterosexual infection of retorovirus. If some drugs have the function to keep metestrus period more longer, they may assist the spread of retrovirus infection by heterosexual contacts.