In vitro preservation of medicinal plants

药用植物的离体保存

• 批准号: 11672232
• 负责人: HIRAOKA Noboru
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Science
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11672232/
• 关键词: plant tissue culture; medicinal plant; germplasm preservation; cold storage; Atractylodes; Scopolia japonica; essential oil; tropane alkaloid; 遺伝子源保存; レモングラス; チョウセンアサガオ; シュート培養; ハマボウフウ; フラノクマリン; ポリアセチレン化合物

The present research project was successful in micropropagation protocol and medium term preservation method for in vitro shoot culture of Scopolia japonica Maxim. (Solanaceae) and Atractylodes ovata DC. (Compositae). In vitro grown shoots were successfully stored at 2℃ up to 2 years. Reculturing of the shoots in freshly prepared Linsmaier and Skoog medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (1μM) and 6-benzyladenine (10μM) showed hundred percentage viability. Excised shoots were rooted in LS medium containing none of plant growth regulators or indole-3-acetic acid (1μM).Three- and four-year-old in vitro raised plants of S.japonica and the regenerated plants of A.lancea cultivated in the field for one or two years did not show any detectable variability in their morphological as well as biochemical characters, i.e. the composition and contents of tropane alkaloids in the S.japonica rhizome and the contents of atractylon, a sesquiterpene component of essential oil in the A.lancea rhizome, respectively, when compared with the each control set.Results reveals that non-frozen cold storage of in vitro shoot cultures of medicinal plants can be used as a germplasm preservation system for a medium-duration without deterioration of their biochemical as well as biological characteristics.

本研究成功地建立了东莨菪离体茎段快速繁殖技术和中期保存方法。（Solanaceae）和卵叶假单胞菌（Escherides ovata DC.）（菊科）。试管苗在2℃下可成功贮藏2年。在添加吲哚-3-乙酸（1μM）和6-苄基腺嘌呤（10μM）的Linsmaier和Skoog培养基中，再生苗的存活率为100%。离体茎段在不含植物生长调节剂或吲哚乙酸（1μM）的LS培养基中生根，3年生和4年生的日本山茱萸离体培养植株和田间栽培1年或2年的兰花再生植株在形态和生化性状上均未表现出任何可检测的变异，即分别测定了南五味子根茎中托烷类生物碱的组成和含量，以及茅苍术根茎中挥发油的倍半萜成分--苍术酮的含量，结果表明，药用植物离体芽培养物的非冷冻冷藏可作为一种培养基保存系统，其生物化学和生物学特性没有恶化。