Decline in physical fitness of the elderly and its counter plan-with reference to thermoregulation, adaptation and endocrine system-

长者体质下降及对策-参考体温调节、适应及内分泌系统-

• 批准号: 11680042
• 负责人: TANAKA Masatoshi
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680042/
• 关键词: elderly person; fitness protection; seasonal difference; body temperature; blood circulatory function; thermal sensation; air temperature-humidity; 温湿度; 加齢; 末梢血流量; 血圧; 環境温度差; ティルティングベッド; 唾液ホルモン; 呼吸・循環機能

We performed the human experiment in the climatic chamber and fieldwork in a home for the aged and so on.Subjects for the experiment were healthy elderly group (60-year-old men, n=7) and younger group (20-year-old men, n=7). Subjects kept quiet for 60minutes in a sitting position in the front room at air temperature 28℃. After that they moved to the climatic chamber at 20℃, 28℃ or 36℃ for 90minutes, doing the head-up-tilt standing posture test for 15minutes. Afterwards, they removed to post-room, sitting on a chair for 30minutes. The experiments were performed in winter and summer at the same experimental condition. Measurement items were the body temperature (sublingual temperature and the skin temperatures), blood pressure, heart rate, the votes of thermal sensation and comfort sensation, cortisol and nitric oxide in saliva, and so on.The systolic blood pressures and heart rates of the aged group and heart rates of the young group were affected with ambient temperatures and the postural change using the head-up-tilt. Sublingual temperatures of old people in summer increased more than in winter by heat exposure. The thermoregulatory responses of both groups to the same air temperature were different by the season. The mean skin temperature and sublingual temperature of old people in summer was lower than in winter to cold exposure. In post-room after the cold exposure, the rise of sublingual temperature of the old people was slower than the youth, and this tendency was remarkable after the cold exposure in summer.The field study was carried out on residential environment, home for the aged etc., measuring air temperature and humidity. The questionnaire on thermal sense and comfort etc were done for 42 elderly persons and nursing staffs of 41persons. Although air temperature in home for the aged in winter was controlled comparatively well, the relative humidity was low below 20%.I guessed that sensations to air temperature and humidity of the elderly became weak.

采用人工气候室和老年之家现场等方法进行人体实验，实验对象为健康老年组（60岁男性，n=7）和青年组（20岁男性，n=7）。受试者在28℃的前室中以坐姿保持安静60分钟。然后将受试者移至20℃、28℃和36℃的人工气候箱中，持续90 min，进行15 min的头高位倾斜站立试验。之后，他们转移到邮件室，坐在椅子上30分钟。在相同的实验条件下，在冬季和夏季进行实验。测量项目包括体温（舌下温度和皮肤温度）、血压、心率、热感觉和舒适感觉评分、唾液中皮质醇和一氧化氮等，老年组收缩压和心率以及青年组心率受环境温度和头高位倾斜体位变化的影响。老年人舌下温度夏季升高幅度大于冬季。两组动物对同一温度的体温调节反应随季节不同而不同。老年人夏季平均皮温和舌下温度低于冬季。在冷暴露后的后室内，老年人舌下温度的升高比青年人慢，且在夏季冷暴露后这种趋势更为显著。测量空气温度和湿度。对42名老年人和41名护理人员进行了热感觉、舒适性等方面的问卷调查。冬季老人院的温度控制较好，但相对湿度低于20%，推测老人对空气温度和湿度的感觉较弱。

项目成果

田中正敏: "人間の環境に対する応答そして適応-温熱環境衛生を中心に-"日本衛生学会誌. 55・1. 53-65 (2000)

Masatoshi Tanaka：“人类对环境的反应和适应 - 关注热和环境卫生 -”日本卫生学会杂志 55・1（2000 年）。

前田享史,田中かづ子,佐藤晶彦,金子信也,小林敏生,田中正敏: "中高年者の防衛体力の低下傾向と対策-体温調節の季節変動について-"日本衛生学会誌. 56・1. 424 (2001)

前田隆史、田中和子、佐藤明彦、金子真也、小林俊雄、田中正敏：“中老年人防御力下降趋势及对策——体温调节的季节性波动——”日本卫生学会杂志56, 1. 424 (2001))

Masatoshi Tanaka, Takafumi Maeda, Kinuyo Kawabata, Toshio Kobayashi, Kisaburo Sato: "Thermal air conditions of healthcare institutions. Journal of Heaithcare Engineering"Association of Japan. 42(2). 263-264 (2000)

Masatoshi Tanaka、Takafumi Maeda、Kinuyo Kawabata、Toshio Kobayashi、Kisaburo Sato：“医疗机构的热空气条件。健康护理工程学杂志”日本协会。

Takafumi Maeda, Kazuko Tanaka, Akihiko Sato, Shinya Kaneko, Toshio Kobayashi, Masatoshi Tanaka: "Decline in physical fitness of the elderly and its counter plan -with reference to The seasonal variation of the thermoregulation-."Japanese Journal of Hygien

Takafumi Maeda、Kazuko Tanaka、Akihiko Sato、Shinya Kaneko、Toshio Kobayashi、Masatoshi Tanaka：“老年人体质下降及其应对计划 - 参考体温调节的季节变化 -”。《日本卫生杂志》

Akihiko Sato, Takafumi Maeda, Kazuko Tanak, Toshio Kobayashi, Kazuko Tanaka: "Decline in physical fitness of the elderly and its counter plan-about endocrine system-."Japanese Journal of Hygiene. 56(1). 425 (2000)

佐藤明彦、前田贵文、田纳和子、小林俊雄、田中和子：“老年人体质下降及其对策——关于内分泌系统——”日本卫生杂志。