Effects of regularly performed resistance training on body composition, plasma lipid profiles, and bone health status in middle-aged women

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The purpose of this study is to determine the physical, physiological, and biochemical effects of resistance training in middle-aged women. The results of resistance training was compared with another different training modes, such as jogging/running, swimming, and tennis. Furthermore, middle-aged and young non-exercise women took part in the controls. Each subject completed their food records and caloric and major nutrient intakes were estimated.Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels was significantly higher in female endurance runners than in equal groups of female resistive trainers and sedentary female controls. Resistive trainers and controls showed no significant differences in HDL-C. No significant dose-response relationships were found for either runners or resistive trainers when daily training duration, weekly training frequency, and weekly mileage were correlated with HDL-C. It was concluded that HDL-C levels in females are associated with specific training methods.The results of this study indicate that mean bone formation values were significantly less in the swimming group than in the resistive trained and jogging/running groups. The results also determined that mean bone resorption values were significantly less in the resistive trained and jogging/running groups than in the swimming and non-exercise control groups. The uncoupling index was significantly greater in the swimming group than in the jogging/running and control groups. That the low levels of impact associated with non-weight-bearing activities, such as swimming, appear to negatively influence bone formation. These findings support the theory that high strain rates are more effective at inducing new bone formation.From the results of this study, it was concluded that resistance training is effective exercise mode to maintain and improve physical, physiological, and biochemical health status in middle-aged women.