Enzymatic Treatment of Textile Dysing Effluents

本文报道了各种染料的生物降解性及其利用胆红素氧化酶(BO)处理废水的方法。采用土壤灌注法研究了铜酞菁(CP)的生物降解性。CP水溶液分别在含有天然土壤和灭菌田间土壤的柱子中循环。在自然土柱中，溶液中的OD值(λmax=622 nm)和总铜浓度在2周内迅速下降到几乎为零，而灭菌土柱中的降幅并不显著。循环292天后，从原柱子上分离到一株生长在含0.1%CP的琼脂上的真菌。根据菌丝体的形态特征，鉴定该菌为疣状肌霉属。根据Murao和Tanaka(Agri.Biol.Chem，1981，45,2383)的研究，从土壤中分离的疣状黏菌成功地产生了BO。在pH值为5~7、温度为32~37℃的最佳条件下，BO对CP有较好的脱色效果。用BO法对21种染料(C.I.酸性蓝25、40、41、45、80、138、酸性蓝25、27、活性黑2、4、5、19、活性黑5、直接蓝6、15、106、直接绿59、直接黑22、51、直接紫48、直接红2)的水溶液进行脱色。

The biodegradability of various kinds of dyes and their effluent treatment by use of an enzyme, Bilirubin oxidase (BO) are reported. Biodegradation of copper phthalocyanine (CP) was first examined by using the soil perfusion method. An aqueous CP solution was circulated through columns containing native and sterilized field soils, respectively. A rapid decrease to almost zero in both O.D.(λ max=622 nm) and total copper concentration in the solution was observed within 2 weeks in the native soil column, but no significant decrease in the sterilized soil column. A fungus growing on an agar medium containing 0.1% CP as a sole carbon source was isolated from the former column after 292 days of circulation. The fungus was identified as Myrothecium verrucaria according to the characteristic morphology of its phyalides. According to Murao and Tanaka (Agri.Biol.Chem., 1981, 45, 2383), Myrothecium verrucaria isolated from soil generates BO successfully. CP was efficiently decolorized by the BO under the optimum conditions of pH 5-7 and of temperatures 32-37℃. Aqueous solutions of 21 dyes (C.I.Acid Blue 25, 40, 41, 45, 80, 138, Acid Green 25, 27, Reactive Blue 2, 4, 5, 19, Reactive Black 5, Direct Blue 6, 15, 106, Direct Green 59, Direct Black 22, 51, Direct Violet 48, Direct Red 2) were decolorized by BO.The absorption spectrum of decolorized solutions were analysed by HPLC, and their intermediats were detected by the photodiode array analysis.