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Degradaition of Detergents and Dyes in Environment

环境中洗涤剂和染料的降解

基本信息

批准号：
07308002
负责人：
KATAYAMA Michiko
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
Tokyo Kasei University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The biodegradation behavior of mixtures of soap and LAS was observed with river die-away tests using Tama river water.On the standing cultivation soap rapidly degraded followed by a decrease of D0 in the medium, the primary biodegradation of LAS was slower because of a lowering of the D0.Household detergents contained AE and APE were better than that contained LAS on the biodegadability.The biodegradation of anionic surfactants was simulated by river die-away tests using water of the Yodo river.The order of the biodegradation rate was LAS<AOS<AES<AS.At surfactant concentrations of 5-100ppm, the biodegradated amount of the surfactant increased with increasing concentration.The photodegradation of LAS increases with irradiation time. After 7hr of irradiation, decomposition rates of LAS by UV light and a solar exposure are 97% and 53%, respectively.The apparent reaction rate of initial photoisomerization of C.I.FB71 was larger than that of C.I.FB351, however FB351 photodecomposed into inorganic substances faster than FB71.One of photodegraded products from FB351 that was easily biodegraded was identified by chemical analysis methods.Biodegradation of copper phthalocyanine dye (CP) was examined by using the soil perfusion method, and a fungus that degradated CP was identified to be Myrothecium Verrucaria according to the characteristic morphology of its phyalides.Decomposition characteristics of azoic dyes were closely related to the structures of the dyes, and decomposition of anthraquinone dyes in aqueous solutions of NO_2 was enhanced by irradiation.Decoloration of dying drainage by hydrogen peroxide is effective as non-chlorine method, then it is found an enzyme (peroxidaze) catalyzed decoloration reaction by hydrogen peroxide under mild condition (pH8-9).

用塔玛河水进行河水生物降解实验，观察了肥皂和LAS混合物的生物降解行为。在快速降解后介质中D0降低的固定式培养肥皂上，由于D0的降低，LAS的初次生物降解较慢。含有AE和APE的家用洗涤剂的生物降解性好于含有LAS的洗涤剂。在表面活性剂浓度为5-100ppm时，表面活性剂的生物降解量随浓度的增加而增加，LAS的光降解量随照射时间的延长而增加。在光照7h后，LAS在紫外光和太阳照射下的分解率分别为97%和53%。C.I.FB71的初始光异构化表观反应速率大于C.I.FB351，但FB351光降解成无机物的速度比FB71快。化学分析表明，FB351的光降解产物中有一种容易生物降解的物质。通过土壤灌注法对铜酞菁染料(CP)的生物降解进行了研究，根据其植物形态特征，确定了一株降解CP的真菌为Verrucaria Myrothecium Verrucaria。偶氮染料的分解特性与染料的结构密切相关过氧化氢对染料废水的脱色效果优于非氯法，在温和条件下(pH 8~9)，过氧化氢催化过氧化氢脱色反应。