Easy method of indigo dyeing by fermentation

个人种植黄蓼、日本靛蓝植物的人越来越多。当获得鲜蓼叶后，可直接用鲜蓼叶染色真丝织物。通常靛蓝染色是在发酵缸的碱性条件下通过还原日本天然靛蓝（sukumo）进行的。然而，制作sukumo和还原靛蓝的技术是非常困难的。苏库摩厂靛蓝染色微生物发酵罐的研究。在此基础上，它不是唯一的微生物可以发挥还原靛蓝的作用，研究了合成靛蓝的还原容易获得的微生物，如腐殖质和EM细菌。这一减量是可以实现的，织物也可以染色。此外，靛蓝染色可能与含有靛蓝和腐殖质发酵的蓼干叶。这一结果意味着不需要大量的时间和劳动力就可以实现与传统染色相似的染色。用鲜蓼叶进行靛蓝染色是一种简便的染色方法。然而，这种方法的问题在于，它只适用于能获得新鲜叶子的情况，因为叶子中靛蓝的前体靛蓝会在叶子死亡后变成靛蓝。结果表明，用微波炉烘干新鲜叶片可以有效地保持叶片中的籼稻含量，并且在几个月以上的时间内，籼稻的含量不会下降。此外，在自然干燥的叶片中发现了长期存在的水解籼稻蛋白的酶。这意味着在任何季节都可以用微波干燥的叶子和自然干燥的叶子来染色。

People who grows Polygonum tinctorium, Japanese indigo plant, personally is increasing. When the fresh leaves of Polygonum can be obtained one can dye silk fabrics with the leaves directly. Usually indigo dyeing is performed by reducing Japanese natural indigo called sukumo under alkaline conditions in the fermentation vat. However technique to make sukumo and to reduce indigo are very difficult. In the fermentation vat of indigo dyeing microorganism from sukumo works. On the basis that it is not the only microorganism that can play a role to reduce indigo, reduction of synthetic indigo was examined with easily available microorganism such as that from humus and EM bacteria. The reduction could be achieved and the fabrics could be dyed. Also, indigo dyeing was possible with dry leaves of Polygonum which contains indigo and humus which bring about fermentation. This result means that the similar dyeing to traditional one could be achieved without using sukumo which needs a lot of time and labor to make.Indigo dyeing with fresh leaves of Polygonum is an easy method. However the problem of this method is that it is applicable only when fresh leaves can be obtained, because indican which is a precursor of indigo in the leaves changes to indigo when they die. It was found that by drying fresh leaves with microwave oven is effective in keeping indican in the leaves and that the content of indican did not decrease for more than several months. Moreover the enzyme which hydrolyze indican in the leaves was found to exist in the naturally dried leaves for a long time. This means that dyeing with indican can be achieved in all seasons by using both microwave dried leaves and naturally dried leaves.