mechanisms of sympatric speciation in monophagous sawflies

单食性锯蝇的同域物种形成机制

• 批准号: 11833010
• 负责人: NAITO Tikahiko
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: KOBE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11833010/
• 关键词: Sympatric speciation; Hemitaxonus; host shift; molecular evolution; Loderus genucinctus; Karyotype rearrangement; Neodiprion sertifer; 性フェロモン; 単食性; 同胞種; 単食性シダハバチ類; トガリシダハバチ類

1.Sympatric speciation with host shift was investigated in the fern associated sawfly genus Hemitaxonus. (1) In H.japonicus complex, sympatric speciation is occurring in the narrow region around 34° N in Japan. (2) H.japonicus and H.sasayamensis, sibling species separated by sympatric speciation, show temporal isolation almost over their distributional ranges. (3) Two sibling species, H.athrii and H.takeuchii, are completely isolated geographically after sympatric speciation.2.Phylogenetic relationships among the local populations of H.japonicus complex and H.sasayamensis were analyzed by comparing 547 nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial gene coding CO II.Their molecular phylogenetic trees revealed that the host races of H.japonicus complex and local populations of H.sasayamensis formed distinct clusters, though these two siblings were not separated morphologically. The relationship between genetic variation and the process of sympatric speciation in H.japonicus complex was not clear.3.The horsetail sawfly Loderus genucinctus had three intraspecific karyotype variation in a haploid set : n=9, n=10 and n=11, due to Robertsonian rearrangement. A presumably ancestral type n=9 is widely distributed in Japan except for Kinki and Chubu districts, where the derived types n=10 and n=11 are distributed. Such parapatric distribution of karyotypes may be due to the lower fitness of heterozygotes than homozygotes under the sympatric condition.4.Holearctic pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer showed considerable geographical variation of sex pheromone, which may cause the development of reproductive isolation among local population.

1.本文研究了半轴叶蜂属的同域物种形成与寄主迁移。(1)在日本的34° N附近的狭窄区域内，H. novel复合体中的物种形成正在发生同域性。(2)日本血蜱和山血蜱是通过同域物种形成而分离的兄弟物种，几乎在其分布范围内表现出时间隔离。(3)2.通过比较两个种群的线粒体CO Ⅱ基因547个核苷酸序列，分析了两个种群的系统发育关系。尽管这两个兄弟姐妹在形态上并没有分开。日本刺叶蜂复合体的遗传变异与同域物种形成过程之间的关系尚不清楚。3.由于罗伯逊重排，马尾叶蜂Loderus genucinctus在一个单倍体组中存在三种内核型变异：n=9、n=10和n=11。一个可能的祖先类型n=9广泛分布在日本，除了近畿和中部地区，那里的衍生类型n=10和n=11分布。核型的这种近界分布可能是由于在同域条件下杂合子的适合度低于纯合子。4.松叶蜂Neodiprion sertifer性信息素具有明显的地理变异性，这可能导致当地种群间的生殖隔离。

项目成果

内藤親彦: "応用昆虫学の基礎(第1章:昆虫の種多様性と系統進化)"朝倉書店. 200 (2000)

Chikahiko Naito：“应用昆虫学基础（第一章：昆虫的物种多样性和系统发育进化）”朝仓书店200（2000）。

内藤親彦: "保全遺伝学(第15章:昆虫類)"東京大学出版会. 260 (2001)

Chikahiko Naito：“保护遗传学（第 15 章：昆虫）”东京大学出版社 260（2001）。

Naito, T.: "Speciation mechnisms in sawflies. In Maeta, Y.et al.(eds), Natural History of Hymenopterans (In Japanese)"Hokkaido-daigaku tosho kankoukai. 260 (2001)

Naito, T.：“锯蝇的物种形成机制。Maeta, Y.et al.(eds)，膜翅目自然史（日文）”Hokkaido-daigaku tosho kankoukai。

内藤親彦: "ハチとアリの自然史(第10章:ハバチ類の種分化の多様性)"北海道大学図書刊行会. 260 (2001)

Chikahiko Naito：“蜜蜂和蚂蚁的自然历史（第10章：叶蜂物种形成的多样性）”北海道大学出版协会260（2001）。

Anderbrant, O.: "Geographic variation in the field response of male European pine sawflies, Neodiprion sertifer, to different pheromone stereoisomers and esters"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 95. 229-239 (2000)

Anderbrant, O.：“雄性欧洲松锯蝇（Neodiprion sertifer）对不同信息素立体异构体和酯的现场反应的地理变化”Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata。