A study on development of suitable healthcare equipment for aged people at their homes-Toward efficiency and reduction of the homehelpers' labor in healthcare-

为了减少家政人员的劳动，提高工作效率，开发适合老年人的居家保健设备，我们通过数字视频拍摄，访谈和布局调查，对京都市的医疗保健实际情况（用餐和排便保健，使用手动升降机移动和洗澡保健，轮椅移动保健，淋浴架保健，帮助照顾身体和家务）进行了研究。在调查的基础上，采用视频图片分析的方法，将卫生保健工作进行场景划分，从卫生保健设备、信息、环境、卫生保健技能、精神负担、社会制度、家庭负担等方面提取出卫生保健工作中存在的主要问题。此外，问卷调查的家庭佣工（18人-50%回答）澄清，超过一半的人有腰痛，在日常保健最大的负担是移动病人或让他们进出移动设备。最后，我们考虑了适合每个医疗场景图像的具体建议，基于对适合老年人居家医疗设备的效率评估（设计指南）：1)以适当的姿势设计2)以自助可能性设计3)以患者积极参与设计4)以整个过程的合理性设计5)以适合场所的医疗设备设计6)以心灵的治愈设计7)良好的医疗技能水平8)经济的、系统的合理性

Concerning the development of suitable healthcare equipment for aged people at their homes in order to reduce the labor and increase the efficiency in the homehelpers' work, we conducted a study on the actual conditions of healthcare in Kyoto city (healthcare in taking a meal and excretion, moving and taking a bath by using a hand-powered lift, moving by a wheelchair, shower carrier healthcare, assistance in body care and housework) by digital video filming, interviews and layout investigations.On the base of those investigations by using methods for analysis of video pictures, we divided the healthcare work into scenes and exctracted the main problems in terms of healthcare equipmert, information, environment, healthcare skills, mental burden, social system, family burden, etc. Furthermore the questionnaire survey of home helpers (18 persons-50% answers) clarified that more then half of them have lumbago pains and the biggest load in the everyday healthcare comes from moving the patients or getting them into or out of the equipment for moving.Finally we considered concrete proposals appropriate for each healthcare scene image, based on evaluation toward efficiency (design guidelines) for suitable healthcare equipment for aged people at their homes :1) Design toward a proper posture2) Design toward self-help possibility3) Design toward patient active participation4) Design toward rationality of the whole process5) Design toward place-appropriate healthcare equipment6) Design toward healing of mind7) Good level of healthcare skills8) Economic, systematic rationality