An educational program for clothing pattern planning based on morphological aspect of human body

我们进行了一个教育项目，作为让学生认识到准确描述在正确分析三维对象中的重要性的第一步。该项目将画法几何应用于服装纸样设计教学，取得了成功。该课程的目标之一是为学生提供服装款式规划的理论思路。有了清晰的造型概念，学生能够形象地理解人体的三维形态与服装图案之间的关系。学生能够认识到服装图案的构成与人体的形态方面密切相关。开发了两种类型的教材，分别是如何表示人体和如何分析人体。前者的内容包括让学生掌握一些投影方法，特别是人体的正交投影和辅助投影。在后者中，材料针对的是处理两个几何形状的交集，这两个几何形状是从两个相邻的人体部分建模的，例如躯干和上臂。现有人体的分层横截面也被用来学习如何建模和开发人体。精心逼近的人体曲面发展被认为是服装基本图案的基本图形。因此，学生被要求分析人体模型的各种形状特征，如姿势、体型、动作等与其表面发育的关系。结果让学生们更好地掌握了精心设计基本服装样板所需的过程。

We conducted an educational program as an initial step in getting students to recognize the importance of accurate description in the proper analysis of 3-dimensional objects. The program, which consisted of an application of descriptive geometry in the teaching of clothing pattern planning, met with success. One of the goals of the course was to give students a theoretical line of thinking about clothing pattern planning. With a clear concept of modeling, the students are able to visualize and understand the relationship between 3-dimensional shape of human body and a clothing pattern. And the students are able to recognize that clothing pattern construction is closely related to the morphological aspect of the human body.Two types of teaching materials were developed concerning how to represent human body and how to analyze it. In the former, materials consisted of having students acquire some projection methods, especially orthogonal projection and auxiliary projection of human body. In the latter, materials were directed at the handling of the intersection of two geometrical shapes which have been modeled from two adjacent human body segments, such as a trunk and upper arm. Layered cross-sections of an existing human body were also used as to learn how human figure should be modeled and developed. The carefully approximated surface development of human body was regarded as the fundamental figure of the basic clothing pattern. Thus the students were required to analyze relationships between various shape characteristics of a human body model such as posture, body build, motion, etc., and its surface development. The results gave students a better grasp of the kind of process required for a well-planned basic clothing pattern.