Compilers for newest architectures using the SSA form intermediate language

在最近的计算机体系结构中，延迟分支、具有多个功能单元的超标量处理、流水线处理和内部并行处理被大量使用。在这些体系结构中，有效的目标代码只能通过使用优化安排目标代码的编译器来生成。另一方面，SSA（Static Single Assignment）形式作为一种新的中间表示形式被提出，它使用单个赋值变量。由于它简化了编译器中的故障分析和优化转换而引起人们的关注。然而，SSA形式的优化转换以及与编译器的后期阶段（如寄存器分配和代码生成）的联系还没有得到充分的研究。在本研究中，我们的目标是针对上述问题开发新的编译器方法，围绕（1）利用最新体系结构的特性生成高效代码的方法，（2）基于SSA形式的优化方法和代码生成方法。（1）在异构分布式环境中为分布式编程语言生成高效的本地代码（论文1），（2）基于超标量机处理器描述的代码调度器（论文6），（3）PDA语言处理器（5）属性文法的研究;（5）属性文法的研究（论文2，3）和系统调试（论文4），系统调试是上述优化和代码生成的基础。

In recent computer architectures, delayed branches, superscalar processing with multiple functional units, pipeline processing and internal parallel processing are heavily used. In these architectures, an efficient object code can only be generated by using compilers which optimally arranges the object code. Therefore the role of compilers is becoming more important.On the other hand, the SSA (Static Single Assignment) form, where single assignment variables are used, is proposed as a new intermediate representation in compiler back-ends. It attracts attention because it simplifies dataflow analysis and optimizing transformation in compilers. However, optimizing transformation in SSA form and connection to later phases of compilers such as register allocation and code generation is not fully investigated.In this research, we aim at developing new methods of compilers for the above problems, centering around (1) method of generating efficient code which exploits the characteristic features of newest architectures, and (2) method of optimization and code generation based on the SSA form.During the term of the project, we got the following results :(1) Generation of efficient native code for a distributed programming language on a heterogeneous distributed environment (paper 1), (2) a code scheduler based on processor description for superscalar machines (paper 6), (3) a languase processor for PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) with a highly constrainted processor (paper 5), (4) methods of transformation into the SSA form, (5) research on attribute grammars (paper 2, 3) and systematic debugging (paper 4) which is the basis of the above optimization and code generation.